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The CKS Certification Exam is a rigorous test of an IT professional¡¯s knowledge and skills in Kubernetes security. CKS exam consists of 17 tasks that must be completed within two hours. The tasks are designed to test the candidate¡¯s ability to identify and mitigate security risks in Kubernetes clusters and workloads. CKS exam is a hands-on test, which means that the candidate must demonstrate their ability to perform tasks in a live Kubernetes environment.
The CKS certification is a valuable credential for IT professionals who work with Kubernetes and containerized applications. It demonstrates a candidate's commitment to maintaining the highest standards of security in their work and provides a competitive edge in the job market. Certified Kubernetes Security Specialist (CKS) certification exam is rigorous and challenging, requiring candidates to have a strong understanding of Kubernetes security best practices. However, it is also a rewarding experience, as successful candidates will have the skills and knowledge to secure Kubernetes environments and protect their organizations from cyber threats.
Free PDF Linux Foundation - The Best CKS - Certified Kubernetes Security Specialist (CKS) Test FreeAs the old saying goes people change with the times. People must constantly update their stocks of knowledge and improve their practical ability. Passing the test CKS certification can help you achieve that and buying our CKS study materials can help you pass the test smoothly. Our CKS Study Materials are superior to other same kinds of study materials in many aspects. Our products¡¯ test bank covers the entire syllabus of the test and all the possible questions which may appear in the test. Each question and answer has been verified by the industry experts.
The CKS Certification Exam is designed to test the skills and knowledge of IT professionals in securing Kubernetes clusters and applications. CKS exam covers various topics, including security concepts and principles, Kubernetes security architecture, securing network communication, securing Kubernetes components, and securing container runtime. It also covers Kubernetes security policies, role-based access control (RBAC), auditing, and monitoring. Linux Foundation Certified Kubernetes Security Specialist (CKS) Sample Questions (Q53-Q58):NEW QUESTION # 53
SIMULATION
Use the kubesec docker images to scan the given YAML manifest, edit and apply the advised changes, and passed with a score of 4 points.
kubesec-test.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: kubesec-demo
spec:
containers:
- name: kubesec-demo
image: gcr.io/google-samples/node-hello:1.0
securityContext:
readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
Hint: docker run -i kubesec/kubesec:512c5e0 scan /dev/stdin < kubesec-test.yaml Answer:
Explanation:
See the Explanation belowExplanation:
kubesec scan k8s-deployment.yaml
cat <<EOF > kubesec-test.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: kubesec-demo
spec:
containers:
- name: kubesec-demo
image: gcr.io/google-samples/node-hello:1.0
securityContext:
readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
EOF
kubesec scan kubesec-test.yaml
docker run -i kubesec/kubesec:512c5e0 scan /dev/stdin < kubesec-test.yaml kubesec http 8080 &
[1] 12345
{"severity":"info","timestamp":"2019-05-12T11:58:34.662+0100","caller":"server/server.go:69","message":"Starting HTTP server on port 8080"} curl -sSX POST --data-binary @test/asset/score-0-cap-sys-admin.yml http://localhost:8080/scan
[
{
"object": "Pod/security-context-demo.default",
"valid": true,
"message": "Failed with a score of -30 points",
"score": -30,
"scoring": {
"critical": [
{
"selector": "containers[] .securityContext .capabilities .add == SYS_ADMIN",
"reason": "CAP_SYS_ADMIN is the most privileged capability and should always be avoided"
},
{
"selector": "containers[] .securityContext .runAsNonRoot == true",
"reason": "Force the running image to run as a non-root user to ensure least privilege"
},
// ...
NEW QUESTION # 54
Create a Pod name Nginx-pod inside the namespace testing, Create a service for the Nginx-pod named nginx-svc, using the ingress of your choice, run the ingress on tls, secure port.
A. Send us your Feedback on this.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 55
Describe now you would design a security posture for a Kubernetes cluster using the CIS Kubernetes Benchmark as a guideline. Include key areas to focus on, relevant security controls, and how you would monitor and enforce compliance with the benchmark. Answer:
Explanation:
Solution (Step by Step) :
1. Review CIS Kubernetes Benchmark:
- Thoroughly familiarize yourself With the CIS Kubernetes Benchmark, which outlines security best practices and controls.
2. Assess Current Security Posture:
- Audit the current security configuration of your Kubernetes cluster against the CIS benchmark. This includes:
- Cluster Access Control: Verity that access iS restricted to authorized users and accounts.
- Authentication and Authorization: Ensure that strong authentication mechanisms are in place and that roles are properly assigned.
- Image Security: Review the security of images used in your deployments, ensuring they are from trusted sources and have appropriate security measures.
- Network Security: Implement network policies to restrict communication between pods and enforce least-privilege access.
- Pod Security: Define PodSecurityPoIicies to control resources and capabilities available to pods.
- Logging and Monitoring: Configure robust logging and monitoring systems to detect and respond to security incidents.
3. Develop Security Controls:
- Implement security controls based on the CIS benchmark findings. This may include:
- RBAC (Role-Based Access Control): Use RBAC to define granular permissions for users and service accounts.
- Network Policies: Implement network policies to restrict inter-pod communication and external access.
- Admission Controllers: Use admission controllers like PodSecurityPolicy and NetworkPolicy to enforce security policies before deployments are allowed.
- Image Scanning: Regularly scan container images for vulnerabilities.
- Secret Management: Securely manage and store sensitive information using Kubernetes Secrets.
- Logging and Monitoring: Configure centralized logging and monitoring systems to track activity and identity security events.
4. Monitor and Enforce Compliance:
- Continuously monitor the cluster's security posture against the CIS benchmark using tools like:
- Kube-bench: A tool for assessing Kubernetes security posture.
- CIS Kubernetes Benchmark Scanner A dedicated scanner for compliance checks.
- Custom Monitoring Tools: Develop custom tools to monitor specific aspects of the cluster.
- Implement mechanisms to automate security cnecks and enforce compliance. This could involve:
- Automated Security Scanning: Schedule regular security scans.
- Alerting: Configure alerts for security events and non-compliant configurations.
- Remediation: Implement automated remediation actions for security vulnerabilities.
5. Continuous Improvement:
- Regularly review and update the security posture to stay ahead of evolving threats.
- Keep up with the latest security recommendations and updates to the CIS Kubernetes Benchmark.
- Conduct security training for team members to promote awareness and best practices.
NEW QUESTION # 56
You are running a web application in a Kubernetes cluster using a Deployment. You want to implement a security measure to ensure that the application container only has access to the necessary system calls and files. You're worried about potential exploits that could give the container excessive privileges. Explain how you would use Seccomp profiles to achieve this, and provide an example Seccomp profile using a JSON format. Answer:
Explanation:
Solution (Step by Step) :
1. Understand Seccomp: Seccomp (Secure Computing Mode) is a Linux kernel feature that allows you to restrict the system calls that a process can make. You can define a profile that lists the allowed system calls, effectively creating a "sandbox" for the container.
2. Create a Seccomp Profile: You can create a Seccomp profile in a JSON format. Here's an example:
3. Apply the Seccomp Profile: You can apply the Seccomp profile to your container using the 'securitycontext' field in your Deployment YAML.
4. Test and Verify: After deploying your Deployment, test your application and make sure it functions as expected. You can verity that the Seccomp profile is working by attempting to run commands within the container that are not allowed by your profile.
NEW QUESTION # 57
You are building a container image for a critical application that needs to be deployed in a Kubernetes cluster. Your organization has strict security policies in place, requiring you to perform a thorough security audit of the image before deployment. Outline the steps you would take to conduct a comprehensive security audit of the container image, focusing on the following aspects:
- Vulnerability Scanning: Use tools to scan the image for known vulnerabilities and provide details of the process.
- Security Best Practices: Describe the security best practices that you would audit against.
- Runtime Behavior Analysis: Explain how you would analyze the image's runtime behavior to identify potential risks. Answer:
Explanation:
Solution (Step by Step) :
1. Vulnerability Scanning:
- Use a Container Image Scanner: Employ tools like ' Trivy', 'snyk' , or 'Aqua Security' to scan the image for known vulnerabilities in the base image, libraries, and dependencies. These tools leverage vulnerability databases to identify vulnerabilities and provide severity ratings.
- Scan the Image: Execute the scanner tool against the container image to identity any vulnerabilities present. For example:
bash
trivy image
- Analyze the Scan Report: Review the scan report to identify vulnerable components. Prioritize fixing vulnerabilities based on their severity and impact.
2. Security Best Practices:
- Check for Minimal Image Size: Ensure the image is as small as possible by removing unnecessary files and dependencies. Smaller images reduce attack surface and improve security.
- Verify Image Origim Check if the base image is from a trusted source (e.g., an official repository) and is not tampered with. IJse signing techniques to ensure image integrity.
- Check for Open Ports: Audit the image's Dockerfile to ensure that only necessary ports are exposed.
- Minimize Privileges: Verify that the container runs with the least privileged user ID and does not have unnecessary capabilities.
3. Runtime Behavior Analysis:
- Analyze System Calls: Use tools like 'strace' or 'ptrace' to capture and analyze the system calls made by the container during runtime. This can help identity suspicious behavior or potential vulnerabilities-
- Monitor Network Traffic: Observe the containers network traffic for any unexpected or malicious connections.
- Log Analysis: Implement comprehensive logging within the container and analyze log entries for any security-related events.
