ISTQB ISTQB-CTFL最速合格 & ISTQB-CTFL模擬体験ISTQB-CTFLの学習教材は、テストの迅速な合格に役立ちます。認証を利用できます。多くの人が、ISTQB-CTFL試験問題の助けを借りて、日々の仕事でより効率的に行動する能力を向上させています。弊社のISTQB-CTFL学習教材を選択すると、あなたの夢がより明確に提示されます。次に、私の紹介を通じて、ISTQB-CTFL学習クイズをより深く理解していただければ幸いです。 ISTQB-CTFLの学習教材が試験に合格するための手助けになることを本当に願っています。 ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL v4.0) 認定 ISTQB-CTFL 試験問題 (Q193-Q198):質問 # 193
Which of the following does MOT describe a reason why testing is necessary?
A. The risks associated with delivering the system are far higher than the cost of testing
B. The acquisition of test automation tools was based on the assumption that it will be used m all projects
C. For avionics and pharmaceutical systems software testing is mandated by standards
D. The customer decided that 100% branch coverage shall be achieved
正解：B
解説：
Testing is necessary for various reasons, such as:
* To detect defects and failures that may affect the quality, performance, reliability or security of a software product or system
* To verify that a software product or system meets its specified requirements, expectations and standards
* To validate that a software product or system fulfills its intended purpose and satisfies its stakeholders' needs
* To provide information and feedback about the status and risks of a software product or system
* To comply with regulations or contractual obligations that mandate testing for certain types of software products or systems The following statements describe some reasons why testing is necessary:
* A) The customer decided that 100% branch coverage shall be achieved. This is a reason why testing is necessary, as it reflects a contractual obligation or a quality standard that requires testing to measure and achieve a certain level of code coverage.
* C) For avionics and pharmaceutical systems software testing is mandated by standards. This is a reason why testing is necessary, as it reflects a regulation or a compliance requirement that mandates testing for certain types of software products or systems that have high safety or security risks.
* D) The risks associated with delivering the system are far higher than the cost of testing. This is a reason why testing is necessary, as it reflects a risk-based approach that considers testing as an investment to reduce the probability and impact of potential failures or defects. The following statement does not describe a reason why testing is necessary:
* B) The acquisition of test automation tools was based on the assumption that it will be used m all projects. This is not a reason why testing is necessary, as it reflects a business decision or a resource allocation that does not justify the need or purpose of testing. Test automation tools are not always suitable or beneficial for all projects, and testing can be performed with or without test automation tools. Verified References: [A Study Guide to the ISTQB Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus - Springer], Chapter 1, page 5-6.
質問 # 194
Consider the following user story and its acceptance criteria:
User Story:
As a member of the "Agnotoly" association, I want to be able to pay the association's dues through an automatic payment method so that I can forget about payment deadlines.
Acceptance Criteria:
The member can only pay with 'Agnesis Master' credit card.
The member must register their cell phone number.
The member must register the credit card in the payment system.
The member must select a payment method (monthly or annual).
The member must accept the terms and conditions for the selected method.
If terms and conditions are accepted, the system sends an OTP (one-time password) to the member's phone for verification.
The payment method is registered only after OTP verification.
Once the payment method is registered, the system will charge on the first business day of the following month.
Test Cycle Results:
Members successfully paid dues using the credit card.
Payments were processed monthly and for over a year.
Which ONE of the following options identifies the acceptance criteria that has NOT been fully covered?
A. All acceptance criteria have been fully covered during the above test cycle.
B. Acceptance criteria 8 has not been fully covered during the above test cycle.
C. Acceptance criteria 6 has not been fully covered during the above test cycle.
D. Acceptance criteria 4 has not been fully covered during the above test cycle.
正解：B
解説：
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
Acceptance criteria 8 states that the system should charge the user on the first business day of the following month. However, the test cycle only verified monthly payments for over a year, without confirming whether payments were processed specifically on the first business day.
(B) is incorrect because the test validated monthly and annual payment options.
(C) is incorrect because not all criteria were fully validated.
(D) is incorrect because OTP verification (6) was tested as part of registration.
Ensuring timely execution of payments (Criteria 8) requires additional validation.
質問 # 195
Which of the following exemplifies how a software bug can cause harm to a company?
A. When calculating the final price in a shopping list, the price of the last item is not added
B. The timeout on the login page of a web site is 9 minutes, while the requirement was for 10 minutes
C. When uninstalling the application, the uninstall dialog has a spelling mistake
D. "Print" prints the last page twice for a file with 1000 pages
正解：A
解説：
A software bug can cause harm to a company by directly affecting its operations, reputation, user satisfaction, and financials. Option D, "When calculating the final price in a shopping list, the price of the last item is not added," describes a defect that directly impacts the core functionality of a financial transaction, potentially leading to financial loss and customer dissatisfaction. This can have severe implications for the company's credibility and revenue. Options A, B, and C describe bugs that, while potentially annoying, do not have the same direct impact on the company's core operations and financial integrity as option D.
質問 # 196
Given the following state model of sales order software:
SEE ATTACHMENT
Which of the following sequences of tran-sitions provides the highest level of tran-sition coverage for the model (assuming you can start in any state)?
A. PLACED -> IN PRODUCTION -> SHIPPED -> CANCELLED -> PLACED
B. PLACED -> CANCELLED -> PLACED -> CANCELLED -> PLACED -> IN PRODUCTION -> CANCELLED
C. IN PRODUCTION -> SHIPPED -> INVOICED -> CANCELLED -> PLACED -> IN PRODUCTION
D. IN PRODUCTION -> CANCELLED -> PLACED -> IN PRODUCTION -> CANCELLED -> PLACED
正解：C
解説：
State transition testing is a black-box testing technique where test cases are designed to cover states and transitions of a state machine.
Given the state model with the following transitions:
* PLACED -> IN PRODUCTION
* IN PRODUCTION -> CANCELLED
* IN PRODUCTION -> SHIPPED
* SHIPPED -> INVOICED
* INVOICED -> CANCELLED
* CANCELLED -> PLACED
To cover all transitions at least once, we need to create a sequence that covers all six transitions.
Option A: IN PRODUCTION -> CANCELLED -> PLACED -> IN PRODUCTION -> CANCELLED -> PLACED- Misses SHIPPED -> INVOICED and INVOICED -> CANCELLED transitions.
Option B: IN PRODUCTION -> SHIPPED -> INVOICED -> CANCELLED -> PLACED -> IN PRODUCTION- Covers all transitions.
Option C: PLACED -> IN PRODUCTION -> SHIPPED -> CANCELLED (ISTQB not-for-profit association) (Udemy)sses INVOICED -> CANCELLED transition.
Option D: PLACED -> CANCELLED -> PLACED -> CANCELLED -> PLACED -> IN PRODUCTION -> CANCELLED- Misses SHIPPED -> INVOICED and INVOICED -> CANCELLED transitions.
Given these, Option B covers all the transitions6†source9†source.
References:
* Certified Tester Foundation Level v4.0
* 10 Sample Exams ISTQB Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0
質問 # 197
Which of the following statements about white-box test techniques is true?
A. Branch coverage is the most thorough code-related white-box test technique, and therefore applicable standards prescribe achieving full branch coverage at the highest safety levels for safety-critical systems
B. Achieving full statement coverage and full branch coverage for a software product means that such software product has been fully tested and there are no remaining bugs within the code
C. Code-related white-box test techniques provide an objective measure of coverage and can be used to complement black-box test techniques to increase confidence in the code
D. Code-related white-box test techniques are not required to measure the actual code coverage achieved by black-box testing, as code coverage can be measured using the coverage criteria associated with black-box test techniques
正解：C
解説：
This answer is correct because code-related white-box test techniques are test design techniques that use the structure of the code to derive test cases. They provide an objective measure of coverage, such as statement coverage, branch coverage, or path coverage, which indicate how much of the code has been exercised by the test cases. Code-related white-box test techniques can be used to complement black-box test techniques, which are test design techniques that use the functional or non-functional requirements of the system or component to derive test cases. By combining both types of techniques, testers can increase their confidence in the code and find more defects. References: ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms v4.0, ISTQB Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Section 2.3.2.2