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The CEH 312-50v12 Exam consists of 125 questions and the candidates are given four hours to complete the exam. The questions are multiple choice and the exam is computer-based. The questions cover topics such as information security management, vulnerability assessment, penetration testing, and network security. The candidates have to score at least 70% to pass the exam and become a certified ethical hacker.
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In order to achieve the certification, candidates must demonstrate their ability to perform a range of real-world ethical hacking tasks, including identifying vulnerabilities within a network, assessing the security of web applications, and executing vulnerability assessments against wireless networks.
ECCouncil 312-50v12 certification exam is designed to validate the skills and knowledge of professionals who want to pursue a career in ethical hacking. Certified Ethical Hacker Exam certification exam is recognized worldwide and is highly respected by employers in the cybersecurity industry. 312-50v12 Exam covers a wide range of topics such as network security, cryptography, web application security, and ethical hacking methodologies. It is designed to assess the candidate's ability to identify vulnerabilities, exploit them, and provide effective solutions to mitigate them. ECCouncil Certified Ethical Hacker Exam Sample Questions (Q122-Q127):NEW QUESTION # 122
A network administrator discovers several unknown files in the root directory of his Linux FTP server. One of the files is a tarball, two are shell script files, and the third is a binary file is named "nc." The FTP server's access logs show that the anonymous user account logged in to the server, uploaded the files, and extracted the contents of the tarball and ran the script using a function provided by the FTP server's software. The "ps" command shows that the "nc" file is running as process, and the netstat command shows the "nc" process is listening on a network port.
What kind of vulnerability must be present to make this remote attack possible?
A. Directory traversal
B. File system permissions
C. Brute force login
D. Privilege escalation
Answer: B
Explanation:
File system permissions
Processes may automatically execute specific binaries as part of their functionality or to perform other actions. If the permissions on the file system directory containing a target binary, or permissions on the binary itself, are improperly set, then the target binary may be overwritten with another binary using user-level permissions and executed by the original process. If the original process and thread are running under a higher permissions level, then the replaced binary will also execute under higher-level permissions, which could include SYSTEM.
Adversaries may use this technique to replace legitimate binaries with malicious ones as a means of executing code at a higher permissions level. If the executing process is set to run at a specific time or during a certain event (e.g., system bootup) then this technique can also be used for persistence.
NEW QUESTION # 123
Which of the following is a component of a risk assessment?
A. DMZ
B. Physical security
C. Administrative safeguards
D. Logical interface
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 124
What is the known plaintext attack used against DES which gives the result that encrypting plaintext with one DES key followed by encrypting it with a second DES key is no more secure than using a single key?
A. Man-in-the-middle attack
B. Meet-in-the-middle attack
C. Traffic analysis attack
D. Replay attack
Answer: B
Explanation: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meet-in-the-middle_attack
The meet-in-the-middle attack (MITM), a known plaintext attack, is a generic space-time tradeoff cryptographic attack against encryption schemes that rely on performing multiple encryption operations in sequence. The MITM attack is the primary reason why Double DES is not used and why a Triple DES key (168-bit) can be bruteforced by an attacker with 256 space and 2112 operations.
The intruder has to know some parts of plaintext and their ciphertexts. Using meet-in-the-middle attacks it is possible to break ciphers, which have two or more secret keys for multiple encryption using the same algorithm. For example, the 3DES cipher works in this way. Meet-in-the-middle attack was first presented by Diffie and Hellman for cryptanalysis of DES algorithm.
NEW QUESTION # 125
An attacker decided to crack the passwords used by industrial control systems. In this process, he employed a loop strategy to recover these passwords. He used one character at a time to check whether the first character entered is correct; if so, he continued the loop for consecutive characters. If not, he terminated the loop.
Furthermore, the attacker checked how much time the device took to finish one complete password authentication process, through which he deduced how many characters entered are correct.
What is the attack technique employed by the attacker to crack the passwords of the industrial control systems?
A. HMI-based attack
B. Denial-of-service attack
C. Side-channel attack
D. Buffer overflow attack
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 126
While examining audit logs, you discover that people are able to telnet into the SMTP server on port 25. You would like to block this, though you do not see any evidence of an attack or other wrong doing. However, you are concerned about affecting the normal functionality of the email server. From the following options choose how best you can achieve this objective?
A. None of the above.
B. Shut off the SMTP service on the server.
C. Block port 25 at the firewall.
D. Switch from Windows Exchange to UNIX Sendmail.
E. Force all connections to use a username and password.