ACNS最新考證將是您通過ANCC Adult Health Clinical Nurse Specialist Certification (ACNS)的最佳選擇雖然大多數人會覺得通過Nursing ACNS認證考試很難。但是如果你選擇了我們的KaoGuTi，你會覺得拿到Nursing ACNS認證考試的證書不是那麼難了。KaoGuTi的訓練工具很全面，包含線上服務和售後服務。我們的線上服務是研究資料，它包含類比訓練題，和Nursing ACNS認證考試相關的考試練習題和答案。售後服務是KaoGuTi不僅能提供最新的Nursing ACNS認證考試練習題和答案以及動態消息，還不斷的更新考試練習題和答案和裝訂。 最新的 Nursing ANCC ACNS 免費考試真題 (Q195-Q200):問題 #195
A cardiomyopathy of unknown etiology is classified as what?
A. Restrictive.
B. Hypertrophic.
C. Dilated.
D. Idiopathic.
答案：D
解題說明：
Cardiomyopathy refers to diseases of the heart muscle that can lead to heart failure. The classification of cardiomyopathies can be based on the etiology (cause) or the functional impairment. When a cardiomyopathy cannot be attributed to specific causes such as hypertension, heart valve disease, artery diseases, or congenital heart defects, it is often labeled as idiopathic.
Idiopathic cardiomyopathy means that the heart muscle is diseased or weakened without an identifiable cause. This classification is used when the extensive diagnostic testing has failed to reveal a clear etiology for the heart dysfunction. It is distinguished from other types of cardiomyopathies that might have a known cause, such as ischemic (due to heart artery disease), hypertrophic (due to genetic conditions leading to thickened heart muscle), or dilated (where the heart chambers enlarge and weaken).
Most cardiomyopathies are believed to be caused by genetic factors or are secondary to other conditions like coronary artery disease, which can lead to ischemic cardiomyopathy. However, when these typical causes are not present, and the heart muscle is still abnormally functioning, the term idiopathic is used.
In clinical practice, diagnosing idiopathic cardiomyopathy typically involves ruling out other potential causes through a variety of tests including genetic testing, cardiac imaging like echocardiograms or MRIs, and sometimes even cardiac biopsies. Despite these efforts, if no cause is determined, the condition is then managed as idiopathic cardiomyopathy.
The significance of recognizing idiopathic cardiomyopathy lies in its management and prognosis. Since the underlying cause is unknown, treatment primarily focuses on managing the symptoms and preventing the progression of heart failure. This might include medications like ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, or diuretics, and in severe cases, device implantation or heart transplantation might be considered.
Understanding that a cardiomyopathy is idiopathic is crucial not only for treatment but also for the monitoring of potentially affected family members, as some idiopathic cases might later be found to have a genetic component. This underscores the importance of continuous research and advancements in cardiac health and genetics.
問題 #196
The scope of nursing practice will vary by ____.
A. City.
B. State.
C. County.
D. Nursing association.
答案：B
解題說明：
The scope of nursing practice refers to the range of roles, functions, responsibilities, and activities which a registered nurse is educated, competent, and authorized to perform. The specific details of what encompasses a nurse's scope of practice can vary significantly depending on several factors, with one of the most crucial being the state in which they practice.
In the United States, the regulations and laws governing nursing practice are established at the state level. Each state has its own board of nursing which sets the standards for nursing practice within that state. These standards are designed to ensure that safe and competent care is delivered to patients and can include specific rules regarding procedures, treatments, and the level of supervision required.
For example, the authority for a nurse to prescribe medications can differ markedly from one state to another. Some states allow Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRNs) full practice authority, which means they can evaluate patients; diagnose, order, and interpret diagnostic tests; initiate and manage treatments; and prescribe medications under the exclusive licensure authority of the state board of nursing. In contrast, other states may require APRNs to have a collaborative agreement with a physician, limiting their ability to prescribe or perform other tasks independently.
Furthermore, the scope of nursing practice can also be influenced by other factors such as the policies of individual healthcare institutions and the nurse's level of education and certifications. However, the fundamental and most significant determinant remains the state regulations. Therefore, a nurse must be well informed about the specific laws and guidelines in their state of practice to ensure compliance and provide the best care possible.
問題 #197
A 72-year-old male patient with longstanding hypertension takes an ACE inhibitor and a thiazide diuretic daily. Today his blood pressure is 128/88 and his pulse is 98. He has developed dyspnea on exertion and peripheral edema over the past several days. The ACNS knows that these symptoms demonstrate:
A. noncompliance with medication
B. the need for better blood pressure management
C. fluid or sodium excess
D. development of CHF
答案：D
解題說明：
The correct interpretation of the symptoms presented by the 72-year-old male patient, including dyspnea on exertion and peripheral edema, points towards the development of congestive heart failure (CHF). These symptoms are typical indicators of CHF, which is a condition where the heart's ability to pump blood effectively is compromised. This can lead to fluid accumulation in the lungs, causing shortness of breath (dyspnea) and in the extremities, resulting in swelling (edema).
Given the patient's history of longstanding hypertension, he is at a higher risk for developing CHF. Hypertension over many years can lead to the heart becoming overworked and stiff, making it less efficient in pumping blood. This inefficiency can eventually progress to CHF. The patient's current medications, an ACE inhibitor and a thiazide diuretic, are typical treatments for hypertension and are also used to manage symptoms in CHF by helping to lower blood pressure and remove excess fluid from the body, respectively.
While fluid or sodium excess can also cause peripheral edema, the presence of dyspnea on exertion alongside edema makes CHF a more likely diagnosis than simply fluid overload. Noncompliance with medication could indeed exacerbate symptoms, but there is no specific indication that the patient is not adhering to his treatment regime. Moreover, the scenario doesn't provide evidence of inadequate blood pressure management given the patient's blood pressure reading of 128/88, which is relatively controlled.
Therefore, the combination of the patient's age, his medical history, the nature of his symptoms, and his current treatment aligns more with the development of CHF rather than mere fluid or sodium excess or noncompliance with medication. This necessitates further evaluation and possibly an adjustment in his treatment plan to address the potential progression of CHF, aiming to improve his quality of life and prevent further complications.
問題 #198
What approach should be taken for a thoracentesis?
A. Posterior.
B. Fowlers.
C. Anterior.
D. Axillary.
答案：A
解題說明：
Thoracentesis is a medical procedure aimed at removing fluid from the pleural space in the chest, which can accumulate due to various medical conditions such as infections, heart failure, or malignancies. The approach taken during thoracentesis is critical for both maximizing fluid removal and minimizing potential complications.
The most commonly recommended approach for thoracentesis is the posterior approach. This involves the patient sitting up and leaning forward on a table, exposing the back. This position allows the healthcare provider easier access to the pleural space through the back, where the pleural fluid tends to accumulate, especially when the patient is upright. The posterior approach is generally preferred because it is technically easier due to the natural pooling of fluid in this area when the patient is sitting.
In contrast, the anterior approach, where the puncture is made on the front side of the chest, is less commonly used. This approach may cause discomfort or anxiety for some patients, as they can see the needle being inserted. Additionally, anatomical considerations, such as the presence of breast tissue and pectoral muscles, can make this approach more challenging.
The axillary approach, which involves accessing the pleural space from the patient's armpit area, is another option. However, it is less favored because the patient's arm can obstruct the procedure, making it difficult for the healthcare provider to maneuver the needle. This approach also has a higher risk of injuring local structures in the crowded axillary area.
During a thoracentesis, patient positioning is crucial. While the posterior approach is generally preferred, the patient's specific anatomy, the volume of fluid to be removed, and the presence of any loculated effusions (areas where the fluid is encapsulated and not freely moving) can influence the choice of the specific site of needle insertion. Therefore, imaging studies such as ultrasound are often used before and during the procedure to guide the needle placement, enhancing safety and effectiveness.
In summary, while the posterior approach is most commonly recommended for thoracentesis due to ease of access and patient positioning, the choice of approach can vary based on the patient's specific situation and the clinician's judgment. Proper technique and careful attention to patient comfort and safety are paramount in performing this procedure effectively.
問題 #199
You are providing care to a patient who has undergone heart surgery. He will be discharged soon. Which of the following is NOT appropriate patient education regarding wound care for this patient?
A. The patient should contact his doctor immediately if there is redness or oozing around the incision.
B. Some redness, oozing, and swelling around the incision will be normal.
C. The patient should wash the incision with warm water and plain soap.
D. The patient should keep the incision clean and dry.
答案：B
解題說明：
The correct answer for the question on what is NOT appropriate patient education regarding wound care for a patient who has undergone heart surgery is: "Some redness, oozing, and swelling around the incision will be normal." This statement is incorrect because any redness, oozing, or swelling around a surgical incision is potentially indicative of an infection or other complications that should be promptly assessed by a healthcare provider. It is essential to educate patients and their caregivers to recognize these signs early and seek medical advice, rather than assuming they are normal post-surgical reactions.
Post-operative wound care is crucial for the prevention of infection and ensuring proper healing of the surgical site. The key points of proper care should include keeping the incision clean and dry, regularly changing dressings as instructed by the healthcare provider, and monitoring the wound for any signs of infection. These signs can include increased redness, swelling, warmth around the incision, pus or other discharge, worsening pain, or fever.
Instructing a patient to wash the incision with warm water and plain soap can be appropriate if advised by their healthcare provider. However, it is important to follow specific instructions regarding how often to clean the incision and what products to use, as harsh chemicals can irritate the wound.
Furthermore, advising the patient to keep the incision clean and dry is typically appropriate advice, as moisture can be a breeding ground for bacteria that may lead to infection.
In summary, it is not appropriate to educate the patient that some redness, oozing, and swelling around the incision will be normal after heart surgery. Instead, patients should be informed that these are signs of possible complications and should prompt immediate contact with their healthcare provider. Proper wound care education is essential to prevent infection and promote healing following surgery.