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CIPS L4M2 (Defining Business Needs) certification exam is an excellent opportunity for business analysts and other professionals to demonstrate their expertise in defining business needs and requirements. By earning this credential, they can enhance their career prospects and contribute more effectively to the success of their organization.
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Which of the following are considered as direct costs in a construction company? Select TWO op-tions
A. Clerical assistants who maintain the office
B. Raw materials
C. Advertising and marketing communication
D. An employee is hired to work on a project, either exclusively or for an assigned number of hours
E. The materials and supplies needed for the company's day-to-day operations.
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
Direct costs are directly associated with the production of a good or service. In this question, 'An employee is hired to work on a project, either exclusively or for an assigned number of hours' and 'Raw materials' are directly related to producing the product.
Indirect costs are the general costs of the organisation - these costs cannot easily be attributed to specific products or services (also known as overheads). 'The materials and supplies needed for the company's day-to-day operations' or 'Clerical assistants who maintain the office' or 'Advertising and marketing communication' is example of indirect cost.
Reference:
LO 1, AC 1.2
NEW QUESTION # 204
Which of the following are most likely to increase the buyer's bargaining power?
1. Buyers are price sensitive
2. High set-up cost for new entrants
3. Threat of forward integration is high
4. Threat of backward integration is significant
A. 2 and 4 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 4 only
D. 3 and 4 only
Answer: C
Explanation:
Price sensitivity is the degree to which the price of a product affects consumers' purchasing behaviours. Buyer power will be stronger if buying organisation are price sensitive and vice versa.
Backward integration is a form of vertical integration in which a buying organisation expands its role to fulfil tasks formerly completed by businesses up the supply chain. Buyer power is strong if threat of backward integration is high.
Set-up cost is a determinant of threat of new entry. Some industries require very expensive assets in order to make products. The financial risk of entering the industry and not succeeding can deter many potential new entrants. The fewer new entrants, the fewer available substitutes, then the bar-gaining power of buyer can be negatively affected.
Forward integration is a business strategy that involves a form of vertical integration whereby business activities are expanded to include control of the direct distribution or supply of a compa-ny's products. Threat of forward integration is a determinant of supplier's bargaining power.
Reference: CIPS study guide page 88-91
LO 2, AC 2.2
NEW QUESTION # 205
Due to increasing demand, a local restaurant is requesting its fish vendor to supply larger quantity. The restaurant manager also asks the vendor whether it is possible to reduce the total price by 5%. This is known as...?
A. New purchase
B. Modified rebuy
C. Capital purchase
D. Straight rebuy
Answer: B
Explanation:
There are three major types of buying situations, which are new purchase, modified rebuy and straight rebuy. Three factors make the buying situations be different from the others, customers may face different problems in these situations.
A new purchase is a situation requiring the purchase of a product for the very first time.
A straight rebuy is when a company places a second order with a supplier that is identical to the first purchase it made.
A modified rebuy is when a company orders again from a supplier, but wants to change some as-pect of the order, such as the quantity, packaging, product features, or delivery times. The scenario above is an example of modified rebuy.
Reference:
- What is a straight rebuy example?
- CIPS study guide page 3-4
NEW QUESTION # 206
Which of the following activities are considered as primary activities of an organization according to Porter's value chain? Select TWO that apply:
A. Maintenance
B. Picking and delivery components
C. Sourcing transportation services
D. Assembly design
E. Trainees recruitment
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Primary activities consist of inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, sales & marketing, service.
Second activities consist of firm infrastructure, human resource management, technology development and procurement The following graph illustrate the value chain (Source: Smartsheet) Graphical user interface, diagram Description automatically generated
Picking and delivery components is inbound logistics.
Maintenance is an example of operations activity.
Sourcing transportation services is an activity of procurement
Assembly design is an activity in research and development (Technology) Recruiting is an activity of human resource management
NEW QUESTION # 207
British Steel needs to source a set of instruments that will improve quality of steel. Without these instruments British Steel will loss control of the temperature. The bucket may freeze up, or if it is too hot it leaks out of the casting process, damaging the machine. There is limited supply on the market and quality varies greatly.
Which of the following will be the most appropriate managing approach to procure these items?
A. Bundle these instruments into larger contract
B. Form partnership with supplier
C. Seek continuity of supply
D. Leverage market competition to drive down cost
Answer: B
Explanation:
The instrument plays a crucial role in steel manufacturing because it presents in the majority of products, in which case lacking this instrument would have significant impact on the organisation's output (production lines stop or damaging other machine). Otherwise, the risk of supply is high because there is limitation in supply. Therefore, it is considered as a strategic item in term of Kraljic's portfolio matrix. Procurement manager should form partnership with suppliers to maximise the value.
The following graph illustrates Kraljic's portfolio matrix:
Reference: CIPS Study guide page 84.
LO 2, AC 2.1
NEW QUESTION # 208
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