Title: Newest ARDMS AB-Abdomen Practice Questions in PDF Format for Quick Preparation [Print This Page] Author: samgray109 Time: 12 hour before Title: Newest ARDMS AB-Abdomen Practice Questions in PDF Format for Quick Preparation 2026 Latest DumpsQuestion AB-Abdomen PDF Dumps and AB-Abdomen Exam Engine Free Share: https://drive.google.com/open?id=1eISny1i-nkNSbi2sm_Y4b_qLcpZ620pZ
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Which technique is best for demonstrating the characteristic of the small hepatic lesion identified by the arrow on this image?
A. Decrease depth
B. Scan in upright position
C. Move the transducer focus
D. Use a standoff pad
Answer: D
Explanation:
The image shows a small hepatic lesion located very close to the anterior liver capsule, as indicated by the arrow. When imaging very superficial or near-field structures like subcapsular hepatic lesions, using a standoff pad is the most effective technique for optimizing visualization.
A standoff pad (also known as an acoustic stand-off or gel pad) helps increase the distance between the transducer and the superficial target. This improves the focus and beam shape for near-field imaging and minimizes reverberation and ring-down artifacts. It allows better evaluation of superficial lesions by positioning them within the focal zone of the transducer, which is usually set a few millimeters below the probe surface.
Differentiation from other options:
* A. Decrease depth: While reducing depth can help center deeper lesions in the field of view, it does not address issues with near-field resolution.
* B. Scan in upright position: This may help in gallbladder or fluid positioning but is not optimal for improving visualization of superficial liver lesions.
* C. Move the transducer focus: Adjusting focus deeper into the image won't enhance resolution of very superficial structures unless a standoff is used to bring the lesion into the focal zone.
References:
Rumack CM, Wilson SR, Charboneau JW, Levine D. Diagnostic Ultrasound. 5th Edition. Elsevier, 2018.
Chapter: Liver, pp. 80-84.
Kremkau FW. Sonography: Principles and Instruments. 9th Edition. Elsevier, 2015. Chapter: Image Formation and Optimization, pp. 114-117.
AIUM Practice Parameter for the Performance of an Ultrasound Examination of the Abdomen and/or Retroperitoneum, 2020.
NEW QUESTION # 34
Identify the congenital anomaly.
Using your mouse, place the cursor on the appropriate region of the image and then left-click the mouse button to indicate your selection. Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
An ultrasound of a fetus AI-generated content may be incorrect.
The ultrasound image shows a transverse (axial) view of the fetal abdomen. Notably, there is abnormal continuity of renal parenchyma across the midline anterior to the aorta, forming a U- or horseshoe-shaped structure. This is characteristic of a congenital anomaly known as a horseshoe kidney.
Horseshoe kidney is the most common fusion anomaly of the kidneys, occurring in approximately 1 in 400-
600 live births. It results from fusion of the lower poles of both kidneys during fetal development. On prenatal ultrasound, this anomaly can be suspected when the kidneys appear closer to the midline than usual and are connected by an isthmus of renal tissue or fibrous band that crosses anterior to the spine and great vessels.
Typical sonographic findings include:
* Abnormally located kidneys, often lower than expected
* Renal fusion across the midline (usually at the lower poles)
* Possible associated hydronephrosis or malrotation
Comparison to other anomalies:
* This is not consistent with polycystic kidney disease (which would show diffusely echogenic kidneys with poor corticomedullary differentiation).
* Duplex kidney would show duplicated collecting systems but not fusion across the midline.
* Renal agenesis would demonstrate absence of renal tissue.
* Posterior urethral valves would show a distended bladder with bilateral hydronephrosis, not midline fusion.
References:
Rumack CM, Wilson SR, Charboneau JW, Levine D. Diagnostic Ultrasound, 5th ed. Elsevier; 2017.
Callen PW. Ultrasonography in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 6th ed. Elsevier; 2016.
Nyberg DA, McGahan JP, Pretorius DH, Pilu G. Diagnostic Imaging of Fetal Anomalies. Lippincott Williams
& Wilkins; 2003.
NEW QUESTION # 35
How are portal veins differentiated from hepatic veins?
A. Hepatic veins have more echogenic walls
B. Portal veins vary in size during respiration
C. Portal veins branch horizontally
D. Hepatic veins are oriented towards the porta hepatis
Answer: C
Explanation:
Portal veins course horizontally within the liver and have echogenic walls due to their fibrous sheath. In contrast, hepatic veins course vertically toward the IVC and lack echogenic walls. Hepatic veins also demonstrate a triphasic waveform.
According to Rumack's Diagnostic Ultrasound:
"Portal veins course horizontally within the liver and are easily recognized by their echogenic walls." Reference:
Rumack CM, Wilson SR, Charboneau JW, Levine D. Diagnostic Ultrasound. 5th ed. Elsevier, 2017.
AIUM Practice Parameter for Liver Ultrasound, 2020.
-
NEW QUESTION # 36
Which pancreatic condition is commonly associated with complete or partial atresia of the duodenum?
A. Pancreatic agenesis
B. Pancreatic cysts
C. Pancreas divisum
D. Annular pancreas
Answer: D
Explanation:
Annular pancreas is a congenital anomaly in which pancreatic tissue encircles the second part of the duodenum, potentially causing partial or complete duodenal obstruction (atresia). It is due to abnormal migration of the ventral pancreatic bud.
According to Rumack's Diagnostic Ultrasound:
"Annular pancreas results from failure of the ventral pancreatic bud to rotate properly, leading to encirclement of the duodenum." Reference:
Rumack CM, Wilson SR, Charboneau JW, Levine D. Diagnostic Ultrasound. 5th ed. Elsevier, 2017.
Moore KL, Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 8th ed. Wolters Kluwer, 2018.
-
NEW QUESTION # 37
Which action should a sonographer take if the abdominal aorta measures 5.5 centimeters in the anteroposterior diameter?
A. Disclose the diagnosis to the patient
B. Release patient from care
C. Report the finding to the radiologist immediately
D. Follow the routine protocol for abdominal ultrasound
Answer: C
Explanation:
An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) measuring #5.5 cm represents a significantly increased risk of rupture and often requires surgical evaluation. The sonographer must report this critical finding immediately to the interpreting physician. The sonographer should never disclose a diagnosis directly to the patient.
According to AIUM and SRU Guidelines:
"An aortic diameter of 5.5 cm or greater should be promptly reported to the interpreting physician due to the high risk of rupture." Reference:
AIUM Practice Parameter for Abdominal Aortic Ultrasound, 2020.
Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound (SRU) Consensus Statement, 2003.
NEW QUESTION # 38
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