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[General] Pass Guaranteed Quiz ISTQB - CT-AI - Updated Valid Test Certified Tester AI Test

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【General】 Pass Guaranteed Quiz ISTQB - CT-AI - Updated Valid Test Certified Tester AI Test

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ISTQB CT-AI Exam Syllabus Topics:
TopicDetails
Topic 1
  • Neural Networks and Testing: This section of the exam covers defining the structure and function of a neural network including a DNN and the different coverage measures for neural networks.
Topic 2
  • Testing AI-Based Systems Overview: In this section, focus is given to how system specifications for AI-based systems can create challenges in testing and explain automation bias and how this affects testing.
Topic 3
  • Methods and Techniques for the Testing of AI-Based Systems: In this section, the focus is on explaining how the testing of ML systems can help prevent adversarial attacks and data poisoning.
Topic 4
  • systems from those required for conventional systems.
Topic 5
  • Testing AI-Specific Quality Characteristics: In this section, the topics covered are about the challenges in testing created by the self-learning of AI-based systems.
Topic 6
  • Introduction to AI: This exam section covers topics such as the AI effect and how it influences the definition of AI. It covers how to distinguish between narrow AI, general AI, and super AI; moreover, the topics covered include describing how standards apply to AI-based systems.

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ISTQB Certified Tester AI Testing Exam Sample Questions (Q50-Q55):NEW QUESTION # 50
Which of the following are the three activities in the data acquisition activities for data preparation?
  • A. Building, approving, deploying
  • B. Cleaning, transforming, augmenting
  • C. Feature selecting, feature growing, feature augmenting
  • D. Identifying, gathering, labelling
Answer: D
Explanation:
According to the ISTQB Certified Tester AI Testing (CT-AI) syllabus, data acquisition, a critical step in data preparation for machine learning (ML) workflows, consists of three key activities:
* Identification:This step involves determining the types of data required for training and prediction. For example, in a self-driving car application, data types such as radar, video, laser imaging, and LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) data may be identified as necessary sources.
* Gathering:After identifying the required data types, the sources from which the data will be collected are determined, along with the appropriate collection methods. An example could be gathering financial data from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and integrating it into an AI-based system.
* Labeling:This process involves annotating or tagging the collected data to make it meaningful for supervised learning models. Labeling is an essential activity that helps machine learning algorithms differentiate between categories and make accurate predictions.
These activities ensure that the data is suitable for training and testing machine learning models, forming the foundation of data preparation.

NEW QUESTION # 51
A neural network has been designed and created to assist day-traders improve efficiency when buying and selling commodities in a rapidly changing market. Suppose the test team executes a test on the neural network where each neuron is examined. For this network, the shortest path indicates a "buy" and it will only occur when the one-day predicted value of the commodity is greater than the spot price by 0.75%. The neurons are stimulated by entering commodity prices and testers verify that they activate only when the future value exceeds the spot price by at least 0.75%.
Which of the following statements BEST explains the type of coverage being tested on the neural network?
  • A. Neuron coverage
  • B. Threshold coverage
  • C. Sign-change coverage
  • D. Value-change coverage
Answer: B
Explanation:
The syllabus details that threshold coverage requires each neuron to achieve an activation value greater than a specified threshold:
"Threshold coverage: Full threshold coverage requires that each neuron in the neural network achieves an activation value greater than a specified threshold." (Reference: ISTQB CT-AI Syllabus v1.0, Section 6.2, page 48 of 99)

NEW QUESTION # 52
A team of software testers is attempting to create an AI algorithm to assist in software testing. This particular team has gone through over 40 iterations of testing and cannot afford to spend as much time as it takes to run the full regression test suite. They are hoping to have the algorithm reduce the amount of testing required thus reducing the time needed for each testing cycle.
How can an AI-based tool be expected to assist in this reduction?
  • A. By using A/B testing to compare the last update with the newest change and compare metrics between the two
  • B. By performing optimization of the data from past iterations to see where the most common defects occurred and select the corresponding test cases
  • C. By performing bayesian analysis to estimate the types of human interactions that are expected to be seen in the system and then selecting those test cases
  • D. By using a clustering method to quantify the relationships between test cases and then assigning each test case to a category
Answer: B
Explanation:
AI-based tools can significantly optimize regression test suites by analyzing historical data, past test results, associated defects, and changes made to the software. These tools prioritize and select the most relevant test cases based on previous defect patterns and frequently failing features, which helps in reducing the test execution time while maintaining effectiveness.
The optimization process involves:
* Prioritizing test cases:AI-based tools rank test cases based on past defect detection trends, ensuring that the most relevant tests are executed first.
* Reducing redundant test cases:The tool can eliminate test cases that do not contribute significantly to defect detection, reducing overall test execution time.
* Augmenting test cases:The AI can also suggest new test cases if certain features are more prone to defects.
This approach has been proven to reduce regression test suite sizes by up to 50% while maintaining fault detection capabilities.
* Section 11.4 - Using AI for the Optimization of Regression Test Suitesstates that AI-based tools can optimize regression test suites by analyzing past test data and defect occurrences, leading to significant reductions in test execution time.
Reference from ISTQB Certified Tester AI Testing Study Guide:

NEW QUESTION # 53
A bank wants to use an algorithm to determine which applicants should be given a loan. The bank hires a data scientist to construct a logistic regression model to predict whether the applicant will repay the loan or not.
The bank has enough data on past customers to randomly split the data into a training data set and a test
/validation data set. A logistic regression model is constructed on the training data set using the following independent variables:
Gender
Marital status
Number of dependents
Education
Income
Loan amount
Loan term
Credit score
The model reveals that those with higher credit scores and larger total incomes are more likely to repay their loans. The data scientist has suggested that there might be bias present in the model based on previous models created for other banks.
Given this information, what is the best test approach to check for potential bias in the model?
  • A. Acceptance testing should be used to make sure the algorithm is suitable for the customer. The team can re-work the acceptance criteria such that the algorithm is sure to correctly predict the remaining applicants that have been set aside for the validation data set ensuring no bias is present.
  • B. Back-to-back testing should be used to compare the model created using the training data set to another model created using the test data set, if the two models significantly differ, it will indicate there is bias in the original model.
  • C. Experienced-based testing should be used to confirm that the training data set is operationally relevant.
    This can include applying exploratory data analysis (EDA) to check for bias within the training data set.
  • D. A/B testing should be used to verify that the test data set does not detect any bias that might have been introduced by the original training data. If the two models significantly differ, it will indicate there is bias in the original model.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Bias in an AI system occurs when the training data contains inherent prejudices that cause the model to make unfair predictions. Experience-based testing, particularlyExploratory Data Analysis (EDA), helps uncover these biases by analyzing patterns, distributions, and potential discriminatory factors in the training data.
* Option A:"Experience-based testing should be used to confirm that the training data set is operationally relevant. This can include applying exploratory data analysis (EDA) to check for bias within the training data set."
* This is the correct answer. EDA involves examining the dataset for bias, inconsistencies, or missing values, ensuring fairness in ML model predictions.
* Option B:"Back-to-back testing should be used to compare the model created using the training data set to another model created using the test data set. If the two models significantly differ, it will indicate there is bias in the original model."
* Back-to-back testing is used for regression testing and to compare versions of an AI system but is not primarily used to detect bias.
* Option C:"Acceptance testing should be used to make sure the algorithm is suitable for the customer.
The team can re-work the acceptance criteria such that the algorithm is sure to correctly predict the remaining applicants that have been set aside for the validation data set ensuring no bias is present."
* Acceptance testing focuses on meeting predefined business requirements rather than detecting and mitigating bias.
* Option D:"A/B testing should be used to verify that the test data set does not detect any bias that might have been introduced by the original training data. If the two models significantly differ, it will indicate there is bias in the original model."
* A/B testing is used for evaluating variations of a model rather than for explicitly identifying bias.
* Bias Testing Methods:"AI-based systems should be tested for algorithmic bias, sample bias, and inappropriate bias. Experience-based testing and EDA are useful for detecting bias".
* Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA):"EDA helps uncover potential bias in training data through visualization and statistical analysis".
Analysis of the Answer Options:ISTQB CT-AI Syllabus References:Thus,Option A is the best choice for detecting bias in the loan applicant model.

NEW QUESTION # 54
Which ONE of the following types of coverage SHOULD be used if test cases need to cause each neuron to achieve both positive and negative activation values?
SELECT ONE OPTION
  • A. Neuron coverage
  • B. Threshold coverage
  • C. Value coverage
  • D. Sign change coverage
Answer: D
Explanation:
* Coverage for Neuron Activation Values: Sign change coverage is used to ensure that test cases cause each neuron to achieve both positive and negative activation values. This type of coverage ensures that the neurons are thoroughly tested under different activation states.
* Reference: ISTQB_CT-AI_Syllabus_v1.0, Section 6.2 Coverage Measures for Neural Networks, which details different types of coverage measures, including sign change coverage.

NEW QUESTION # 55
......
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