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由最新的TM3考試指南編訂的題庫資料 -提高ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level - Test Management v3
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BCS TM3 考試大綱:| 主題 | 簡介 | | 主題 1 | - Managing the Team: This section addresses the role of Test Leads in analyzing team needs, identifying required skills, and coordinating efforts using a whole-team approach. Candidates are expected to understand how to align team capabilities with project goals and ensure effective collaboration. The syllabus highlights techniques for team management, resource allocation, and fostering continuous improvement through retrospectives and knowledge sharing to optimize testing performance.
| | 主題 2 | - Managing the Product: This section emphasizes understanding and managing the product under test, focusing on controlling and assessing testing activities. It covers test metrics, reporting, and defect management across sequential, Agile, and hybrid environments. Candidates should be able to select and apply appropriate test estimation techniques and establish defect workflows suited to the project context. The syllabus also includes preparing business cases for testing activities that justify costs, benefits, and the value of testing within the overall project.
| | 主題 3 | - Managing the Test Activities: This section focuses on the role of Test Managers and how testing is planned, monitored, controlled, and completed across different software development contexts. It covers the overall test process, including defining test plans, tracking progress, and ensuring proper closure. Candidates are expected to understand how testing fits within various lifecycle models, test levels, and types, while engaging stakeholders effectively. The syllabus emphasizes risk-based testing to identify quality risks, assess impacts, and select suitable mitigation activities. It also highlights formulating project-level test strategies, selecting appropriate test approaches, setting measurable objectives, and improving processes through models like IDEAL. Additionally, candidates should be able to evaluate and introduce test tools based on business needs, risks, and return on investment.
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最新的 Test Manager TM3 免費考試真題 (Q17-Q22):問題 #17
The diagram below shows an incomplete defect management process, where three states (states X, Y and Z) have yet to be named appropriately.
Which of the following labels would correctly complete the process?

- A. X: Accepted, Y: Reviewed, Z: Duplicate.
- B. X: Approved, Y: Reviewed, Z: Deferred.
- C. X: In Progress, Y: Verified, Z: Terminated.
- D. X: Accepted, Y: Tested, Z: Deferred.
答案:D
解題說明:
According to theISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level - Test Manager v3.0 syllabus (Chapter 2: Test Management in the Organization), thedefect management processdefines how defects are handled from discovery to closure, ensuring traceability and communication between testing and development.
"The defect management process defines the states a defect may have during its lifetime, including identification, evaluation, correction, re-testing (confirmation testing), and closure." (ISTQB CTAL-TM v3.0 Syllabus, Chapter 2 - Defect Management Process) In the standard ISTQB defect workflow:
Afterevaluation, a defect can either be:
Rejected(e.g., not a defect, duplicate, or out of scope), or
Accepted(X) - meaning it is confirmed as a valid defect and will be corrected.
Once accepted, the defect isplannedfor correction andfixedby development.
After being fixed, it must betested (Y)- also referred to asconfirmation testingorretesting.
Some evaluated defects may bedeferred (Z)- postponed for future releases.
Thus, the correct states are:
X = Accepted(defect confirmed as valid and correction planned)
Y = Tested(confirmation testing after the fix)
Z = Deferred(postponed correction)
This sequence aligns directly with the ISTQB-defineddefect management lifecycle, which includes transitions betweenopen,evaluated,accepted (planned/fixed/tested), andclosed, as well as possiblerejectedordeferredbranches.
References (from ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level - Test Manager v3.0 Syllabus):
Chapter 2: Test Management in the Organization
Section efect Management Process
Describes thedefect states, includingopen, evaluated, accepted, planned, fixed, tested (retested), closed, and alternate states such asrejectedordeferred.
問題 #18
You are a process improver and have decided to use the data from the defect management system to identify and drive improvement actions... Which of the following options could have been identified as missing from the defect reports to be used for process improvement?
- A. The status of the defect
- B. The priority to fix the problem
- C. The software lifecycle phase in which the defect was detected
- D. Steps to reproduce the failure, along with the actual and expected results
答案:C
解題說明:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level - Test Manager v3.0 syllabus:
Forprocess improvement and root-cause analysis, the syllabus highlights the value ofdefect origin and detection phase datato evaluatewhere defects are injected and where they are detected, calculate removal effectiveness, and focus improvements (e.g., earlier-phase prevention or reviews). Thelifecycle phase detectedenables meaningful analysis ofphase containment, trends, and improvement targets; the other fields are useful operationally but less pivotal fororganizational/process improvement analytics(Chapter 2: Test Management in the Organization - improvement approaches using defect data; Chapter 5: Reporting and analysis of defect trends).
問題 #19
In an Agile context, defects are often fixed without writing a formal defect report. However, there are some conditions where it is good practice to write a defect report, even in an Agile context.
When is a defect report typically not written in an Agile context?
- A. A defect that must be resolved by or in co-operation with other teams
- B. A defect that is blocking other iteration activities and cannot be immediately solved
- C. A defect that is found for a high-priority user story
- D. A defect that cannot be solved in the same iteration
答案:C
解題說明:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level - Test Manager v3.0 syllabus:
Same rationale as Q35. In Agile,no formal defect reportis typically created when the team canfix the issue immediatelyand maintain flow (e.g., defect on a high-priority user story that is quickly addressed). Formal reports are encouraged whenblocking,spanning iterations, orrequiring cross-teamwork for visibility
/traceability. Refer to CTAL-TM v3.0, Chapter 5 on defect management and Agile reporting considerations.
問題 #20
You are a test manager managing a test team and working at a government agency. The test team is responsible for performing the system test. Senior management has been provided with the following test objective for a new project:
"The system should be of high quality."
Using the SMART goal methodology, which of the following statements would be appropriate as a revision to the defined test objective by management?
- A. The number of user issues reported in the first 3 months after going live shall be less than an average of
1 per week - B. During component testing a statement coverage of 90% shall be achieved
- C. At least three weeks of system testing shall be performed and no major defects will be outstanding before going live
- D. All defined requirements shall be implemented and function without problems
答案:A
解題說明:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level - Test Manager v3.0 syllabus:
The syllabus requires that test objectives beSMART:Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time- bound. OptionCis specific ("user issues"), measurable ("< 1 per week"), achievable (depending on context), relevant to system quality in production, and time-bound ("first 3 months after going live").
Ais not measurable ("...without problems" is vague).
Bis partially SMART but uses ambiguous terms ("major defects") and focuses on elapsed time rather than quality outcomes.
References: ISTQB CTAL-TM v3.0 Syllabus-Chapter 3 (Test Planning: defining measurable test objectives and SMART criteria; aligning objectives to levels and stakeholders).
問題 #21
You are a test consultant involved in setting up and implementing retrospectives in an organisation that is developing software based on an Agile lifecycle. The Agile teams are experiencing problems on product quality, so the retrospectives will be specifically focused on the testing practices and processes.
Which of the following is an example of a good practice for a test retrospective?
- A. Brainstorming sessions can be used to generate ideas on how to resolve the root causes of testing issues identified
- B. An action plan for the improvements identified is too much documentation in an Agile context; the team members are already motivated to implement the improvements based on the retrospective
- C. Only testers should be involved in the retrospectives since they perform testing and will know what should be improved
- D. Because an Agile team is empowered, all improvement actions should reside within the team
答案:A
解題說明:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level - Test Manager v3.0 syllabus:
The syllabus highlightscontinuous improvementpractices, includingretrospectivesin Agile lifecycles, encouragingcollaborative techniquessuch asbrainstormingto generateconcrete improvement ideas, often followingroot cause analysisof issues.
Effective retrospectives should involve thewhole team and relevant stakeholders, generatespecific actions (anaction plan), and recognize that some actions may requiresupport beyond the team.
Therefore,Cis a good practice.Ais incorrect (retrospectives should be cross-functional),Bis too narrow (some actions require organizational support), andDis incorrect (capturing concrete actions is recommended even in Agile contexts).
(References: CTAL-TM v3.0 Syllabus - Chapter 1 "Testing Process" - lessons learned and process improvement; Agile lifecycle considerations for retrospectives and collaborative improvement techniques; emphasis on actionable outcomes.)
問題 #22
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