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[General] Quiz 2026 High Pass-Rate CIPS L4M2 Latest Braindumps Files

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【General】 Quiz 2026 High Pass-Rate CIPS L4M2 Latest Braindumps Files

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Preparing for the CIPS L4M2 exam requires a substantial amount of study and preparation. Candidates are advised to read widely, attend relevant training courses or webinars, and review past exam papers to familiarize themselves with the types of questions that may be asked. By achieving a successful result in L4M2 exam, candidates will demonstrate their ability to effectively define business needs, which is a critical component of successful procurement and supply chain management.
CIPS L4M2: Defining Business Needs is an important exam for individuals who wish to pursue a career in business analysis. Defining Business Needs certification is recognized globally and provides a comprehensive understanding of the principles and practices of defining business needs. L4M2 Exam is designed to assess the candidate's knowledge and understanding of the key concepts, tools, and techniques involved in defining business needs.
CIPS L4M2 exam covers the identification of procurement options. This involves understanding the different procurement routes available, such as traditional procurement, design and build, and public-private partnerships. Learners will also understand the importance of selecting the most appropriate procurement option based on the business needs, budget, and risk profile. L4M2 exam will equip learners with the skills and knowledge to develop procurement strategies that are fit for purpose and deliver value for money.
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CIPS Defining Business Needs Sample Questions (Q77-Q82):NEW QUESTION # 77
Which of the following are fixed costs? Select TWO that apply.
  • A. Staff overtime
  • B. Premises costs
  • C. Utilities costs
  • D. Sales commission
  • E. Materials costs
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation (paraphrased from CIPS L4M2 content) CIPS L4M2 defines fixed costs as those that do not change in total with small changes in the level of activity within a relevant range (for example, rent, insurance, basic utilities standing charges).
* Premises costs (C) - such as rent and building insurance, are typically fixed: they are paid regardless of production volume (within normal operating levels).
* Utilities costs (D) - often treated as fixed or semi-fixed in exam-style questions: the organisation pays standing charges and must maintain services regardless of output.
In contrast:
* Staff overtime (A) - varies with workload; this is a variable cost.
* Sales commission (B) - depends on sales volume, so it is variable.
* Materials costs (E) - directly linked to output (more units = more materials), so variable.
Understanding fixed versus variable costs is vital when preparing a business case (e.g. break-even, sensitivity analysis, and assessing the impact of demand changes).
Relevant CIPS L4M2 areas:
* Cost behaviour: fixed, variable, semi-variable
* The role of cost analysis in business cases and sourcing decisions
* Overhead allocation and cost structures

NEW QUESTION # 78
You are a senior buyer in a large manufacturing company. The engineering team is looking for a product that will assist them in a new innovative project. The technology is evolving and the product supplied is likely to be bespoke to the supplier. You are suggesting the use of a performance specification as a part of the tender. What is the main reason for this?
  • A. This places the responsibility for success with the supplier
  • B. This will allow a comprehensive description of the product
  • C. The tender process is likely to be faster
  • D. The cost of the product is likely to be cheaper
Answer: A

NEW QUESTION # 79
A drawing is an example of...?
  • A. Technical specifications
  • B. Statements of work
  • C. Output specifications
  • D. Outcome specifications
Answer: A
Explanation:
A technical specification details the standards that a product or service must meet. Drawings (often called engineering drawings or technical drawings) are complementary to technical specifications Reference:
LO 3, AC 3.1

NEW QUESTION # 80
A procurement manager consolidates the company expense on printing and office supplies into broader range of spend category. Other senior managers are concerned that it may increase company's spend. Is that concern justified?
  • A. No, because the broader range of spend category can increase the value of the contract and the buyer may get volume discount
  • B. Yes, because the suppliers can't provide a broader range of products and they will fail to deliver
  • C. No, because the consolidation will help the supplier to shorten deliver time.
  • D. Yes, because the consolidation may create a large contract that costs more than placing each purchase order
Answer: A
Explanation:
Printing and office supplies are often considered as low risk, low value items. Consolidation low value, low risk items into a broader range will dramatically increases the value of the contract and leverage of buying organisation in the negotiation.
Reference:
LO 1, AC 1.1

NEW QUESTION # 81
In Kano model, which of the following types of requirement should be excluded from the product or service?
  • A. Attractive requirements
  • B. Must-be requirements
  • C. Performance requirements
  • D. Reverse requirements
Answer: D
Explanation:
Kano model of excitement and basic quality (Kano et al, 1984; Berger et al, 1993; Matzler et al, 1996) brings a different perspective for the analysis of improvement opportunities in products and services because it takes in consideration the asymmetrical and non-linear relationship between performance and satisfaction. The Kano model classifies customers requirements in three categories (figure 3):
a) Basic Requirements (or Must-be requirement). The basic requirements fulfill the basic func-tions of a product. If they are not present or their performance is insufficient, customers will be extremely dissatisfied.
On the other hand, if they are present or have sufficient performance, they don't bring satisfaction. Customers see them as prerequisites. For instance, for luxury automobiles, "air bags" are considered basic. A customer won't feel satisfied if the automobile has "air bag", however he/she will not buy it if "air bag" is not present.
b) Performance Requirements (or One-dimensional requirements). As for these requirements, satisfaction is proportional to the performance level - the higher the performance, the higher the customer's satisfaction will be and vice-versa. Gas consumption in automobiles is an example of these requirements. Usually customers explicitly demand performance requirements.
c) Excitement Requirements (or Attractive requirements). These requirements are key to cus-tomer satisfaction. If they are present or have sufficient performance, they will bring superior satisfaction. On the other hand, if they are not present or their performance is insufficient, customers will not get dissatisfied. For instance, a surprise gift at the end of a dinner in a restaurant will certainly bring satisfaction, but it will not cause dissatisfaction if not offered. These requirements are not demanded nor expected by customers.
Two other types of requirements may be identified in the Kano model: neutral and reverse ones. Neutral requirements do not bring either satisfaction or dissatisfaction. Reverse require-ments bring more satisfaction if absent than if present.
Diagram Description automatically generated

NEW QUESTION # 82
......
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