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[General] SPI Exam Syllabus & New SPI Test Pattern

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【General】 SPI Exam Syllabus & New SPI Test Pattern

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ARDMS SPI Exam Syllabus Topics:
TopicDetails
Topic 1
  • Optimize Sonographic Images: This section of the exam measures skills of Diagnostic Medical Sonographers and assesses their ability to enhance image quality using advanced optimization techniques. It includes understanding axial, lateral, elevational, and temporal resolution, as well as manipulating gain, depth, magnification, and dynamic range. Examinees are expected to apply harmonic imaging, spatial compounding, and gray-scale techniques to produce clear, accurate diagnostic images.
Topic 2
  • Perform Ultrasound Examinations: This section of the exam measures skills of Sonographers and covers how to conduct ultrasound procedures while ensuring patient safety and diagnostic accuracy. It includes understanding of imaging protocols, ergonomics, patient care, and the interaction between sound and tissue. Candidates are expected to demonstrate abilities to manage patient encounters, apply 3D
  • 4D and contrast imaging concepts, identify and correct artifacts, and follow confidentiality and privacy standards throughout the scanning process.
Topic 3
  • Apply Doppler Concepts: This section of the exam measures skills of Vascular Sonographers and evaluates understanding and application of Doppler ultrasound principles. It includes knowledge of Doppler angle, flow dynamics, and color and spectral Doppler imaging. The section also covers eliminating aliasing, interpreting waveforms, applying continuous and pulsed wave Doppler, and optimizing Doppler gain and scale to accurately measure blood flow and velocity within vessels.
Topic 4
  • Manage Ultrasound Transducers: This section of the exam measures skills of Ultrasound Technicians and focuses on the management and proper use of different types of transducers. It evaluates knowledge of transducer components, frequency selection, and application of various 2D, 3D, 4D, and nonimaging transducer concepts. Candidates must show they can choose the appropriate transducer for specific examinations and make necessary frequency adjustments to ensure image quality.
Topic 5
  • Provide Clinical Safety and Quality Assurance: This section of the exam measures skills of Clinical Ultrasound Supervisors and focuses on maintaining safety and quality standards in ultrasound practice. It includes infection control protocols, transducer and machine integrity checks, and quality assurance testing using tissue-mimicking phantoms. The section also requires familiarity with statistical parameters like sensitivity and specificity to evaluate diagnostic performance and ensure consistent, reliable imaging outcomes.

ARDMS Sonography Principles and Instrumentation Sample Questions (Q82-Q87):NEW QUESTION # 82
What does compression affect in the ultrasound image?
  • A. The shades of gray displayed
  • B. The number of lines displayed
  • C. The elevational resolution
  • D. The temporal resolution
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
Compression reduces the dynamic range of the returning echoes, which alters how many shades of gray are displayed. It compresses the range of signal amplitudes to fit into the grayscale display range.
According to sonography instrumentation reference:
"Compression alters the dynamic range, adjusting how many shades of gray are displayed to optimize image contrast." Therefore, the correct answer is B: The shades of gray displayed.
-

NEW QUESTION # 83
Which change should be made to lower the mechanical index (MI)?
  • A. Activating tissue harmonics
  • B. Lowering transducer frequency
  • C. Decreasing output power
  • D. Increasing gain
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
Mechanical Index (MI) is proportional to the peak negative pressure and inversely proportional to the square root of frequency. Lowering output power directly decreases the peak pressure, thus reducing MI.
Principles and Instrumentation state:
"Mechanical index decreases with lower output power, reducing the risk of mechanical bioeffects such as cavitation." Lowering frequency (A) increases MI.
Tissue harmonics (B) improves image quality but does not reduce MI directly.
Increasing gain (D) affects displayed brightness, not acoustic power.
Therefore, the correct answer is C: Decreasing output power.
-

NEW QUESTION # 84
Which color Doppler artifact is visualized in this image?

  • A. Twinkle
  • B. Bleed
  • C. Aliasing
  • D. Ghosting
Answer: C
Explanation:
The color Doppler image shows an artifact where high-velocity blood flow exceeds the Nyquist limit, resulting in color wrap-around or aliasing. This artifact is visualized as a mosaic pattern of colors that abruptly change, indicating that the velocity exceeds the color Doppler scale's maximum. Aliasing occurs when the sampling rate (pulse repetition frequency) is insufficient to accurately capture the high velocities, causing the display to cycle back to lower velocities.
References:
ARDMS Sonography Principles & Instrumentation Guidelines
Hagen-Ansert SL. Textbook of Diagnostic Ultrasonography. 8th ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 2017.

NEW QUESTION # 85
Which control should a sonographer use to change contrast resolution?
  • A. Gain
  • B. Dynamic range
  • C. Reject
  • D. Output power
Answer: B
Explanation:
* Reject: This control eliminates low-level noise and weak signals, affecting image quality but not primarily used for contrast resolution.
* Output Power: This adjusts the intensity of the transmitted ultrasound waves but does not directly change contrast resolution.
* Gain: This control amplifies all signals equally, affecting brightness but not specifically the contrast resolution.
* Dynamic Range: Adjusting the dynamic range changes the range of grayscale that the ultrasound system displays, which directly affects the contrast resolution by altering how many shades of gray are visible between the black and white extremes.
References:
"Understanding Ultrasound Physics" by Sidney K. Edelman
ARDMS Sonography Principles and Instrumentation study materials

NEW QUESTION # 86
Which type of structure is best visualized with low persistence?
  • A. Echogenic
  • B. Dynamic
  • C. Anechoic
  • D. Static
Answer: B
Explanation:
Low persistence is best used for visualizing dynamic structures. Persistence is a setting that controls the averaging of successive frames to reduce noise and improve image quality. While high persistence can be beneficial for imaging static structures by providing a smoother image, it can blur or smear moving structures, making it difficult to visualize motion accurately. Low persistence settings allow for better temporal resolution and are therefore ideal for observing dynamic or moving structures such as the heart or blood flow.
Reference:
ARDMS Sonography Principles and Instrumentation (SPI) Exam Study Guide
"Diagnostic Ultrasound: Principles and Instruments" by Frederick W. Kremkau

NEW QUESTION # 87
......
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