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[General] Project-Planning-Design Probesfragen, Project-Planning-Design Deutsch

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【General】 Project-Planning-Design Probesfragen, Project-Planning-Design Deutsch

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NCARB Project-Planning-Design Prüfungsplan:
ThemaEinzelheiten
Thema 1
  • Project Costs & Budgeting: This section of the exam measures skills of architectural designers and assesses the ability to evaluate design alternatives based on program goals, perform cost evaluations, and manage cost considerations throughout the design process.
Thema 2
  • Codes & Regulations: This section of the exam measures the skills of project architects and focuses on applying zoning laws, environmental rules, and building codes during the planning stage. Candidates are tested on how to integrate multiple regulatory requirements into a project’s design effectively.
Thema 3
  • Environmental Conditions & Context: This section of the exam measures skills of architectural designers and covers how to use site analysis information to determine building placement and environmental planning decisions. It emphasizes applying sustainable principles and considering the neighborhood context to guide project design.
Thema 4
  • Project Integration of Program & Systems: This section of the exam measures skills of project architects and focuses on integrating decisions about environmental conditions, codes, and building systems into one cohesive project design. It highlights how to configure the building and incorporate both program requirements and contextual conditions in a unified design approach.
Thema 5
  • Building Systems, Materials, & Assemblies:  This section of the exam measures skills of architectural designers and covers the understanding of building systems such as mechanical, electrical, and plumbing, along with structural and specialty systems. It also involves selecting appropriate materials and assemblies to align with program needs, budgets, and regulations.

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NCARB ARE 5.0 Project Planning & Design (PPD) Project-Planning-Design Prüfungsfragen mit Lösungen (Q90-Q95):90. Frage
A site has been engineered with a 1:20 grade.
Which of the following sidewalk designs would be the most cost-effective way to get from the top to the bottom and still be in compliance with the accessibility standards?
  • A. Cutting diagonally across the slope at 1:10 with a handrail
  • B. Switchback ramps at 1:12 with a handrail
  • C. Cutting diagonally across the slope at 1:12 with no handrail
  • D. At the same grade as the slope with no handrail
Antwort: C
Begründung:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
A 1:20 slope means a 5% grade (1 vertical unit per 20 horizontal units), which is slightly steeper than the ideal maximum slope for accessible ramps.
* Option C: Cutting diagonally across the slope at 1:12 (~8.33%) slope without a handrail is the most cost-effective design that still complies with accessibility standards. According to the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and ICC A117.1, the maximum slope for an accessible ramp is 1:12. Handrails are required on ramps with a rise greater than 6 inches (150 mm). If the rise is less than 6 inches, handrails are not required.
Because the diagonal cut reduces the slope to 1:12 and the total rise is likely less than 6 inches given the gentle 1:20 original slope, handrails are not mandatory, making this solution economical and code compliant.
* Option A: Switchback ramps at 1:12 with handrails are compliant but more expensive due to increased construction complexity and space requirements.
* Option B: A 1:10 slope (10%) exceeds the maximum allowed slope for accessible ramps and requires handrails, thus non-compliant.
* Option D: Following the existing 1:20 slope without modification does not provide the maximum accessibility slope and may be acceptable but might not comply with certain stricter local codes for ramps.
Therefore, Option C balances accessibility, cost, and compliance optimally.
References:
ARE 5.0 Project Planning & Design Content Outline: Environmental Conditions and Context - Site Accessibility and Grading ADA Standards for Accessible Design (2010) ICC A117.1 Accessibility Standards The Architect's Handbook of Professional Practice, 15th Edition, Chapter 7: Site Planning and Accessibility

91. Frage
Click on the shading device illustration that most effectively reduces summer solar heat gain through a west- facing window in the Northern Hemisphere.

Antwort:
Begründung:

Explanation:
bottom right (vertical fins or louvers shading the window) is the most effective.
* West-facing windows receive strong, low-angle afternoon sun in the summer, which is difficult to shade with horizontal overhangs because the sun's rays come in at a low angle.
* Vertical shading devices (like fins or louvers) placed perpendicular to the window are most effective in blocking low-angle sunlight from the west.
* The top left and top right images show horizontal shading, which works better for south-facing windows but is less effective for west exposures.
* The bottom left shows multiple horizontal fins, which help but still less effective for west-facing windows compared to vertical fins.
According to NCARB ARE 5.0 PPD content on solar shading and passive solar design, vertical shading is preferred for east and west exposures to minimize summer heat gain.

92. Frage
To reduce embodied energy in a 500-unit redevelopment, the architect should create a strategy to include which of the following? Check the three that apply.
  • A. Decrease the percentage of high-rise units
  • B. Construct buildings and infrastructure from local and low-energy materials where possible
  • C. Increase the percentage of single-story units
  • D. Orient the building to create transitional spaces within the development
  • E. Re-use existing buildings and structures wherever possible
  • F. Use simple geometric structures
Antwort: B,E,F
Begründung:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
Reducing embodied energy involves strategies that minimize new material production and transportation impacts:
Re-using existing buildings (A) avoids new material consumption and demolition waste.
Using local and low-energy materials (C) reduces transportation energy and energy-intensive materials.
Simple geometric structures (F) use fewer materials and minimize complexity, lowering embodied energy.
Orientation and transitional spaces (B) mainly affect operational energy, not embodied energy.
Altering the proportion of high-rise or single-story units (D, E) affects land use and operational efficiency more than embodied energy.
NCARB emphasizes these strategies in sustainable design practices.
References:
ARE 5.0 PPD - Environmental Conditions and Context, Sustainable Design
The Architect's Handbook of Professional Practice, 15th Edition - Sustainable Building Materials
________________________________________

93. Frage
An architect has just received client approval of the Schematic Design documents for a three-story, outpatient medical clinic. The clinic is located within a mixed-use development governed by a City-approved Planned Development (PD) document. The medical clinic design utilizes standardized departmental layouts and includes outpatient clinics, as well as treatment spaces, administrative spaces and public/lobby spaces.
The site needs to accommodate four different vehicular traffic flows: patient traffic, staff traffic, service and delivery traffic, and emergency services traffic. In addition, a pedestrian plaza must connect to the mixed-use development sidewalks. The plaza must provide space for bicycle parking and will serve as the future bus stop.
The site design addresses several challenges related to building orientation. The southeast facade, with excellent visibility from the highway, is the location of all service equipment. The building entrance faces northwest, convenient to the parking but not visible from the highway.
The client believes future patient volumes will outgrow the clinic. The PD document allows for a planned Phase 2 development on the adjacent vacant site to the southwest. Phase 2 would include a second building (2 story, 80,000 BGSF) and/or a parking deck.
Other considerations for the project include:
* Protected tree requirements are defined in the PD document.
* Easy pedestrian access must be provided from Sycamore Boulevard.
* All required parking for the clinic must be accommodated on site.
* Programmed area includes 109,450 Departmental Gross Square Feet (DGSF) / 130,184 Building Gross Square Feet (BGSF).
* Exterior material percentages are dictated by the PD document and shall not exceed specific percentages for Primary and Secondary Finishes.
* All service equipment needs to be screened; see PD document for restrictions.
* Signage opportunities are important to the client.
* Acoustical privacy is a concern of the healthcare system.
The following resources are available for your reference:
* Drawings, including a perspective, plans, and exterior elevations
* Building Program, including client's departmental program and detailed program for Treatment 01 (Infusion)
* Exterior Material Cost Comparisons
* Planned Development Document
* IBC Excerpts, showing relevant code sections
* ADA Excerpts, showing relevant sections from the ADA Standards for Accessible Design The developer decides that the 4-inch terra cotta exterior veneer is too expensive, and wants to replace the terra cotta with an alternative finish in its entirety.
Which of the following alternative materials should the architect suggest to reduce cost and meet the Planned Development Document requirements? Check the two that apply.
  • A. Metal Panels (Fluoropolymer finish)
  • B. Earth Tone EIFS
  • C. Cultured Stone
  • D. Standard Brick
  • E. Artisan Brick
  • F. Low Priced Stone
Antwort: B,D
Begründung:
To reduce costs while complying with Planned Development (PD) document restrictions on exterior finishes, the architect should select materials that are less expensive than terra cotta yet meet aesthetic and code requirements:
Standard brick (C) is a cost-effective, durable alternative with broad acceptance.
Earth tone EIFS (E) (Exterior Insulation and Finish System) offers an economical and versatile finish that can replicate various textures and colors while reducing costs.
Low priced stone (A) and cultured stone (B) may still be costly or not permitted per PD document.
Artisan brick (D) and metal panels (F) may exceed allowed percentages or not fit aesthetic guidelines.
References:
Planned Development Document
ARE 5.0 PPD - Project Integration of Program and Systems
The Architect's Handbook of Professional Practice, 15th Edition - Exterior Finishes

94. Frage
When designing a three-story wood-frame home located in a high wind region, the addition of a green roof with a two-foot soil bed would do which one of the following?
  • A. Increase the structure's resistance to racking
  • B. Require additional tie-downs
  • C. Increase the structure's resistance to overturning
Antwort: B
Begründung:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
Adding a green roof with a two-foot soil bed significantly increases the dead load on the roof and affects the uplift forces caused by high winds. This heavier roof mass necessitates additional structural tie-downs or anchorage to resist wind uplift and prevent overturning or structural failure.
The added weight does not inherently increase resistance to overturning (A) or racking (C); rather, it increases loads that require structural reinforcement.
References:
ARE 5.0 PPD - Building Systems and Assemblies, Structural Loads and Wind Design The Architect's Handbook of Professional Practice, 15th Edition - Wind-Resistant Design

95. Frage
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