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[General] Free PDF Quiz 2026 Accurate CIPS L4M3: New Exam CIPS Commercial Contracting Mate

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【General】 Free PDF Quiz 2026 Accurate CIPS L4M3: New Exam CIPS Commercial Contracting Mate

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CIPS Commercial Contracting Sample Questions (Q210-Q215):NEW QUESTION # 210
Which of the following should be specially noticed in market dialogue with suppliers in specification development?
  • A. Both parties must respect confidentiality
  • B. Market dialogue is banned in the public sector
  • C. The buying organisation must avoid social media at all cost
  • D. Market dialogue should only be conducted with well-known supplier
Answer: A
Explanation:
Being clear on your objectives helps you to design the best approach to the dialogue. There are some notices in developing dialogue with suppliers:
- All meetings should be documented
- Respect commercial confidentiality. Although insights gained from one conversation lead to questions in another, you must be very careful not to allow this to happen in a way that breaches the confidentiality of the first conversation.
Reference:
LO 2, AC 2.1

NEW QUESTION # 211
A manufacturing company signed a contract with a raw material supplier. The contract includes a clause on liquidated damages in case of late delivery. Purchaser was obliged to pay after 30 days from delivery.
Eventually raw material was delivered 1 week later than initial plan due to supplier's slow production process.
There is no defect in the delivered batch. Which of the following can be claimed by the manufacturing company?
  • A. Right of extending payment
  • B. Right of set-off
  • C. Right of third party
  • D. Rights to refunds or repairs
Answer: B
Explanation:
In certain circumstances, where two parties have monetary debts against each other, the right to set-off may arise. A right of set-off allows a ("Party 1") to take into account the amount owed to it by the second party ("Party 2") against any amount owed by Party 1 to Party 2, each party must be a debtor and a creditor.
Common law provides the key features that must be present for set-off to arise are;
1. mutuality of debts (each party must be the sole beneficial owner of the debt it is owed and the sole person liable for the debt it owes)
2. the claims each party has must be for non-payment of money
The common law provisions of set-off can be greatly enhanced by the inclusion of a contractual right to set- off (this is discussed further below) so that set-off is applicable in a greater range of situations. If you envisage set-off being a useful right it is not advisable to rely on the implied ability to use it (via common law or equitable set-off). Common law and equitable set-off are subject to various conditions and limitation however, a contractual right of set-off can be drafted to ensure parties are able to agree exactly how and when set-off should be applied.
In the above scenario, the supplier owes the manufacturer the payment for damages, while the manufacturer owes the supplier the payment for goods. This is mutuality of debts, which leads to right of set off.
Reference:
- Set-off on the right foot: a practical guide to set-off
- CIPS study guide page 158-159
LO 3, AC 3.2

NEW QUESTION # 212
Which of the following is the contract provision that relieves the parties from performing their contractual obligations when certain circumstances like natural disasters, terrorist attacks, etc arise?
  • A. Insurance clause
  • B. Exclusion clause
  • C. Liquidated damage clause
  • D. Indemnity clause
Answer: B
Explanation:
The contract provision that relieves the parties from performing their contractual obligations when certain circumstances like natural disasters, terrorist attacks, etc arise is called Force majeure. Force majeure is an example of exclusion clause.
An exemption clause in a contract is a term which either limits or excludes a party's liability for a breach of contract. In order for an exclusion clause to be binding and operable upon the parties, the clause must:
1. The clause must be incorporated into the contract as a term.
2. The clause must pass the test of construction.
3. The clause must not be rendered unenforceable by the statutory provisions in the Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977 or the Consumer Rights Act 2015 (enacting the Consumer Rights Bill 2013-14).
Reference:
- Exclusion Clauses Lecture
- CIPS study guide page 149
LO 3, AC 3.2

NEW QUESTION # 213
Under English law's general legal principles of contract formation, which of the following are likely to be offers? Select TWO that apply.
  • A. Advertisement
  • B. Quotation
  • C. Catalogue
  • D. Invitation to tender
  • E. Purchase order
Answer: B
Explanation:
An offer is a full statement of what the offeror is willing to provide and the terms by which they are willing to provide it.
There are some statements that are not offers:
- Invitation to treat: this states that a person or organisation is willing to enter into discussions about the possibility of a deal, but does not confirm a willingness to be bound by any terms mentioned. Catalogues, goods on display and ITTs are invitation to treat.
Civil law countries may have different perspective on this matter. Article 2:201 (3) of The Principles of European Contract Law states: 'A proposal to supply goods or services at stated prices made by a professional supplier in a public advertisement or a catalogue, or by a display of goods, is presumed to be an offer to sell or supply at that price until the stock of goods, or the supplier's capacity to supply the service, is exhausted.' Learners are advised to look at their countries' legislation for more information on offer and acceptance.
- Declaration of intention: this is defined as an aim or a plan.
- A 'mere puff' (or boast): this is anything which is not intended to be taken literally or seriously, such as many advertisement.
- Provision of information: merely provides information, but provider does not confirm willingness to be bound.
Reference: CIPS study guide page 29-30
LO 1, AC 1.2

NEW QUESTION # 214
Sally places a purchase order to the supplier for some components that her company requires. The supplier delivers the goods as she asks, but the quality assurance team finds that these components are defective and unfit for the company's operations. Which document is the ground to decide whether the goods received are fit for purpose?
  • A. Code of conduct
  • B. Pre-qualification questionnaire
  • C. Specification
  • D. CSR policies
Answer: C
Explanation:
According to USLegal Inc, fitness for purpose refers to the standard that must be met by a seller in the course of a business. Generally, when a buyer makes known to a seller the particular purpose for which the goods are bought, there is an implied condition that the goods are reasonably fit for that purpose (customer's requirements, needs, or desires). Specification is the ground for deciding whether goods received are fit for purpose.
We already know that there are two types of specifications: conformance and performance specifications.
With conformance specification, the buyer lists out technical requirements to which the goods must conform.
Lacking of any requirement may be enough for the goods to be unfit. On the other hand, if performance specification is in use, the goods must be fit for specific outputs that buyer has listed in the specification.
Providing the 'fit for purpose' goods is one of the fundamental obligations of seller in sale contract.
Unfulfilling this obligation would lead to legal consequences. If the goods are unfit for purpose, seller may have to:
- replace the non-conforming goods
- pay the damages to the buyer
Reference:
- Why you should keep attention to the specification when contracting with suppliers
- CIPS study guide page 137
LO 3, AC 3.1

NEW QUESTION # 215
......
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