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[Hardware] Best of luck in Fortinet FCSS_NST_SE-7.6 exam and career

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【Hardware】 Best of luck in Fortinet FCSS_NST_SE-7.6 exam and career

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Fortinet FCSS_NST_SE-7.6 Exam Syllabus Topics:
TopicDetails
Topic 1
  • Authentication: This section evaluates the abilities of System Administrators and requires troubleshooting both local and remote authentication methods, including resolving Fortinet Single Sign-On (FSSO) problems for secure network access.
Topic 2
  • System troubleshooting: This section of the exam measures the skills of Network Security Support Engineers and addresses diagnosing and correcting issues within Security Fabric setups, automation stitches, resource utilization, general connectivity, and different operation modes in FortiGate HA clusters. Candidates work with built-in tools to effectively find and resolve faults.
Topic 3
  • Security profiles: This part measures skills of Security Operations Specialists and covers identifying and resolving problems linked to FortiGuard services, web filtering configurations, and intrusion prevention systems to maintain protection across network environments.
Topic 4
  • Routing: This section focuses on Network Engineers and involves tackling issues related to packet routing using static routes, as well as OSPF and BGP protocols to support enterprise network traffic flow.
Topic 5
  • VPN: This section is aimed at IT Professionals and includes diagnosing and addressing issues with IPsec VPNs, specifically IKE version 1 and 2, to secure remote and site-to-site connections within the network infrastructure.

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Fortinet FCSS - Network Security 7.6 Support Engineer Sample Questions (Q31-Q36):NEW QUESTION # 31
What are two reasons you might see iprope_in_check() check failed, drop when using the debug flow?
(Choose two.)
  • A. Packet was dropped because of traffic shaping.
  • B. VIP or IP pool misconfiguration.
  • C. Packet was dropped because of policy route misconfiguration.
  • D. Trusted host list misconfiguration.
Answer: B,D

NEW QUESTION # 32
Refer to the exhibit.

The modified output of live routing kemel is shown
Which two statements about the output are (rue? (Choose two.)
  • A. FortiGate is performing ECMP using both default static routes.
  • B. The default static route through 10.200.1 254 is in the forwarding information* base.
  • C. The BGP route to 10.0.4.0/24 is not in the forwarding information base.
  • D. The local FortiGate is receiving only one LSA from one OSPF neighbor.
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
We must analyze the flags (*, >, S, O, B) and Administrative Distances (AD) shown in the get router info routing-table database exhibit to determine the correct statements.
Analysis for Option A (The BGP route to 10.0.4.0/24 is not in the forwarding information base):
True. Look at the entry for 10.0.4.0/24.
There is an OSPF route: O *> 10.0.4.0/24 [110/2]. The * indicates it is in the FIB, and > indicates it is the selected route.
There is a BGP route: B 10.0.4.0/24 [200/10]. This line lacks the * flag.
Reason: The OSPF route has an Administrative Distance of 110. The BGP route (iBGP) has an AD of 200.
Since 110 is lower than 200, OSPF wins, and the BGP route is not installed in the Forwarding Information Base (FIB).
Analysis for Option B (The default static route through 10.200.1.254 is in the forwarding information base):
True. Look at the 0.0.0.0/0 entries.
The first entry is S *> 0.0.0.0/0 [10/0] via 10.200.1.254.
The * flag confirms this specific route is installed in the FIB.
The second static route (via 10.200.2.254) has a higher distance ([20/0]) and no * flag, so it is inactive.
Why C is False: ECMP (Equal Cost Multi-Path) requires routes to have the same cost/priority. Here, one static route has AD 10 and the other has AD 20. They are not equal, so ECMP is not performed.
Why D is False: The routing table database shows active routes, not the raw Link State Advertisement (LSA) database. You cannot determine the number of LSAs received solely from this output.
Reference:
FortiGate Security 7.6 Study Guide (Routing): "The routing table database displays all known routes... The * indicates the route is in the FIB... Lower Administrative Distance is preferred."

NEW QUESTION # 33
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the output o! the BGP database.

Which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)
  • A. The advertised prefix of 10.20.30.0/24 was configured using the network command.
  • B. The advertised prefix of 10.20.30.0/24 is being advertised through the redistribution of another routing protocol.
  • C. The first four prefixes are being advertised using a legacy route advertisement.
  • D. The output shows all prefixes advertised by all neighbors as well as the local router.
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
* For Option A:In Fortinet BGP (and standard BGP), when a prefix is displayed with an "i" (lowercase i) in the Path column, it represents an internal prefix that originated from the local router, typically configured via the BGP "network" command. In the exhibit, the prefix 10.20.30.0/24 is listed with a Path value of i, indicating it was injected into BGP by the local router using the network statement, not via redistribution from another routing protocol. The same logic applies to i as documented: "Origin code 'i' means the route was injected via the network command."
* For Option D:The get router info bgp network output is a summary table displaying both local and received BGP routes. It lists all known routes to the BGP process, whether received from peers or originated locally. The exhibit shows all BGP prefixes known to the local router, matching the official admin guide's description of this command's output.
* Explanation for B and C:
* The phrase "legacy route advertisement" is not formalized in BGP documentation or Fortinet's admin guide; the output uses standard BGP mechanics.
* If a route was redistributed into BGP from another routing protocol, the Path field would display a "?" (question mark) for incomplete (redistributed) origin. Here the /24 route has "i" so it is NOT a redistribution.
References:
FortiOS Administration Guide: BGP Configuration and Route Table Interpretation Official BGP Command Reference: Show BGP Network, Path Codes, Route Origination Indicators

NEW QUESTION # 34
Refer to the exhibit.
Partial output of diagnose sys session stat command is shown.

An administrator has noticed unusual behavior from FortiGate. It appears that sessions are randomly removed.
Which two reasons could explain this? (Choose two.)
  • A. FortiGate is flushing sessions because of high memory usage.
  • B. FortiGate is not accepting sessions because the device has been down 10 out of 120 seconds.
  • C. FortiGate is deleting sessions because the kernel cannot allocate more memory pages
  • D. FortiGate is dropping all TCP sessions with incomplete three-way handshakes.
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
To determine why sessions are being removed, we must interpret the specific counters in the diagnose sys session stat output provided in the exhibit.
* Analyze memory_tension_drop (Reason A):
* Observation: The output shows memory_tension_drop=4.
* Explanation: This counter specifically increments when the FortiGate kernel attempts to allocate a new memory page for a session but fails due to a lack of available system memory. As a result, the session creation is aborted or an existing session is dropped to free up resources. This confirms that the kernel is struggling to allocate memory pages.
* Analyze extreme_low_mem (Reason D):
* Observation: The output shows extreme_low_mem=0 (which is good), but we must look at the context of memory_tension_drop.
* Context: While the extreme_low_mem counter itself is 0 in this snapshot, the presence of memory_tension_drop indicates the system is under memory pressure. Furthermore, in many Fortinet exam contexts involving this specific exhibit, the focus is on the mechanism of "flushing sessions" to recover memory.
* Refinement: Actually, look closer at the exhibit. It shows flush=787.
* Explanation: The flush counter indicates the number of times the system has actively purged (flushed) old or stale sessions from the table to recover memory or due to policy changes. A high flush count combined with memory tension drops strongly suggests the system is aggressively removing sessions to handle high memory usage. Therefore, "FortiGate is flushing sessions because of high memory usage" is the correct interpretation of the flush and memory_tension_drop counters working together.
Why other options are incorrect:
* B: There is no counter in this specific output (like tcp_syn_sent drop) that indicates dropping incomplete handshakes. The clash=0 and delete=0 counters are low/zero.
* C: The dev_down=16/120 field does not mean the device was down for 10 seconds. It refers to device index pointers or internal kernel interface states, not system uptime/downtime impacting session acceptance in the way described.
Reference:
FortiGate Troubleshooting Guide (System Resources): "The memory_tension_drop counter indicates sessions dropped due to kernel memory exhaustion. The flush counter indicates sessions removed to free up table space."

NEW QUESTION # 35
Exhibit.

Refer to the exhibit, which shows a partial output of diagnose hardware aysinfo memory.
Which two statements about the output are true? (Choose two.)
  • A. The I/O cache, which has 641364 kB of memory allocated to it.
  • B. The value indicated next to the inactive heading represents the currently unused cache page.
  • C. The user space has 708880 kB of physical memory that is not used by the system.
  • D. There are 98908 kB of memory that will never be used.
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
The partial output from diagnose hardware sysinfo memory provides details on system RAM allocation.
According to Fortinet's technical documentation for memory troubleshooting and Linux memory management (which FortiOS is based on):
* MemFree is the portion of physical memory not currently allocated to any running process or kernel function. Thus, 708880 kB is available and can be immediately used by user-space programs or system operations.
* Inactive refers to pages in the memory cache that were previously in use for I/O or file system buffering but are now not actively referenced. These pages are retained in memory for quick access if needed again, but can be reclaimed for other memory operations if demand increases. The value 98908 kB here represents currently unused cache pages (inactive pages), ready for repurposing or deletion if the system requires more RAM.
* Cached represents the total amount of system memory allocated to cache, which includes both active and inactive cache pages. It does not, by itself, represent I/O cache exclusively, nor does "inactive" mean memory "will never be used" as the kernel can re-purpose inactive pages on demand.
References:
Fortinet Technical Tip: Explaining the 'diagnose hard sysinfo memory' command FortiOS System Administration Guide: Linux Memory Reporting, Cached and Inactive Statistics

NEW QUESTION # 36
......
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