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[General] High Pass-Rate Nursing - AANP-FNP - Valid Dumps AANP Family Nurse Practitioner (

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【General】 High Pass-Rate Nursing - AANP-FNP - Valid Dumps AANP Family Nurse Practitioner (

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Nursing AANP Family Nurse Practitioner (AANP-FNP) Sample Questions (Q79-Q84):NEW QUESTION # 79
Your 62-year-old female patient was diagnosed with subscapular bursitis. The most likely cause of this is that she works on an assembly line using a repeated back-and-forth motion. You are using several conservative measures to treat this but after 6 weeks, results are minimal. What is your next step for this patient?
  • A. intrabursal corticosteroid injection
  • B. massage
  • C. antimicrobial therapy
  • D. appropriate exercise
Answer: A
Explanation:
The recommended next step for a 62-year-old female patient diagnosed with subscapular bursitis, especially after conservative measures such as physiotherapy, rest, and NSAIDs have shown minimal improvement, is an intrabursal corticosteroid injection. Subscapular bursitis involves inflammation of the bursa located beneath the scapula. This condition is commonly seen in individuals who perform repetitive activities, such as working on an assembly line with repeated back-and-forth motions.
Intrabursal corticosteroid injections are commonly used when conservative treatments fail to provide relief. Corticosteroids are potent anti-inflammatory agents that can effectively reduce inflammation and pain within the bursa. The injection is administered directly into the bursa to maximize its effectiveness while minimizing systemic side effects.
It is essential to inform the patient about the potential side effects and complications associated with corticosteroid injections. Commonly, patients may experience soreness and discomfort at the injection site for a few days. Although less common, there are risks of tissue atrophy and severe inflammatory reactions at the injection site. These side effects are rare but should be discussed so that the patient can make an informed decision.
Following the injection, the patient should be monitored for improvement and any adverse reactions. If symptoms persist or worsen, further diagnostic evaluation may be necessary to reassess the condition and consider alternative treatments or interventions. Additionally, modifying the patient's work environment and activities to reduce repetitive strain on the affected area can help prevent recurrence of the condition.

NEW QUESTION # 80
Which of the following skin lesions is present in up to 80 to 90% of Black, Asian, Hispanic, and Native American infants?
  • A. Mongolian spots
  • B. faun tail nevus
  • C. milia
  • D. erythema toxicum
Answer: A
Explanation:
The correct answer to the question regarding which skin lesion is present in up to 80 to 90% of Black, Asian, Hispanic, and Native American infants is "Mongolian spots." Mongolian spots are a type of congenital dermal melanocytosis, where melanocytes, the cells responsible for skin pigment, are located deeper than usual in the skin. These spots are named after the Mongol people of East and Central Asia, where the condition was first described, but the term is considered outdated and potentially offensive in modern contexts.
The appearance of Mongolian spots is typically characterized by blue to black-colored patches or stains on the skin. These spots are usually flat and can vary in size and shape. Although they can appear anywhere on the body, they are most commonly found on the lumbosacral area, which includes the lower back and buttocks. This prevalent location is one reason why they are frequently observed during newborn examinations.
Mongolian spots are more commonly seen in infants of certain ethnicities, including those of Black, Asian, Hispanic, and Native American descent, affecting up to 80 to 90% of these populations. The high incidence rate in these groups contrasts with their occurrence in Caucasian infants, where they are much less common.
It's important to note that Mongolian spots are generally harmless and usually fade or disappear completely by school age, typically around the age of five to seven years. They do not require any treatment as they are not associated with any disease or health condition. However, their presence should be documented in medical records to avoid confusion with bruising or other skin conditions, which might otherwise lead to unnecessary investigations.
In summary, Mongolian spots are benign skin markings that are particularly prevalent among infants of Black, Asian, Hispanic, and Native American heritage. Their recognition is crucial for proper pediatric care and for avoiding misinterpretations of their significance.

NEW QUESTION # 81
You are assessing an elderly patient and upon examination, you note severe dehydration. You know that rapid fluid resuscitation must be done to prevent which of the following?
  • A. adrenal dysfunction
  • B. hypovolemia
  • C. hypertension
  • D. thyroid dysfunction
Answer: B
Explanation:
The question addresses the management of severe dehydration in an elderly patient and the rationale for rapid fluid resuscitation to prevent specific complications. The correct answer to this question, based on the provided options, is hypovolemia. Here is an expanded explanation for each of the provided options:
**Hypovolemia:** Hypovolemia refers to a decrease in the volume of blood plasma in the body and is a direct consequence of severe dehydration. When the body loses more fluid than it takes in, blood volume decreases, leading to reduced perfusion of tissues and organs. This can cause multiple organ dysfunction and severe health complications if not corrected promptly. Rapid fluid resuscitation using intravenous fluids is vital in such cases because it allows for immediate restoration of blood volume, ensuring that vital organs continue to receive adequate blood supply essential for their functioning.
**Adrenal Dysfunction:** While severe dehydration can impact various bodily functions, adrenal dysfunction (specifically related to acute adrenal crisis) is typically not directly caused by dehydration. Adrenal crises are more commonly triggered by a lack of cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands. However, severe dehydration can exacerbate an underlying adrenal insufficiency by contributing to hypovolemia and subsequent hypotension, which can then complicate an existing adrenal crisis. Nonetheless, the primary concern in rapid rehydration is not specifically directed at preventing adrenal dysfunction but rather at correcting the hypovolemia.
**Thyroid Dysfunction:** Thyroid dysfunction, which involves abnormal production of thyroid hormones, is not directly caused by dehydration. Disorders such as hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism have etiologies rooted in autoimmune diseases, dietary deficiencies, or other endocrine imbalances, rather than hydration status. While severe illness can impact overall thyroid function (sick euthyroid syndrome), the immediate treatment of severe dehydration with IV fluids primarily targets the restoration of normal circulatory volume rather than addressing thyroid hormone levels.
**Hypertension:** Hypertension (high blood pressure) is generally not a direct consequence of dehydration. In fact, dehydration more commonly leads to lowered blood pressure due to reduced blood volume (hypovolemia). Therefore, while fluid resuscitation might indirectly affect blood pressure by normalizing blood volume, the primary aim of treating severe dehydration with rapid IV fluids is to prevent the drop in blood pressure and associated complications from hypovolemia, rather than to prevent or treat hypertension. In summary, rapid fluid resuscitation in the context of severe dehydration is predominantly aimed at preventing hypovolemia and its potentially life-threatening complications.

NEW QUESTION # 82
The FNP is educating a group of women about prevention of osteoporosis. In this class, the FNP would tell the group all but which of the following?
  • A. Primary prevention of osteoporosis includes ensuring the development of maximal adult bone density.
  • B. The recommended minimal dose of vitamin D is 3000 IU/d daily.
  • C. Calcium intake and weight-bearing exercises throughout the teen and adult years is important in achieving maximal adult bone density.
  • D. The daily calcium intake goal should be the equivalent of 1000 mg/d for premenopausal women.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) is tasked with educating a group of women on how to prevent osteoporosis effectively. Among the key strategies for prevention, the FNP would discuss several crucial points during the educational session. Here is a breakdown of the information that would typically be covered, excluding the incorrect statements:
Firstly, the FNP would emphasize the importance of developing maximum adult bone density as a primary prevention method for osteoporosis. This involves ensuring adequate nutrition and physical activity from a young age into adulthood. Adequate intake of calcium and participation in weight-bearing exercises, which help in the formation and maintenance of bone density, are critical components discussed in this context. For premenopausal women, the goal for daily calcium intake should typically be around 1000 mg per day.
Additionally, vitamin D plays a vital role in calcium absorption and bone health. However, the FNP would clarify the recommended daily intake of vitamin D, which is often misunderstood. Contrary to some beliefs, the minimal daily recommended dose of vitamin D for most adults ranges from 600 to 900 IU. While it is safe for adults to consume up to 2000 IU per day, suggesting a daily dose of 3000 IU would be incorrect and misleading. Such high doses can potentially lead to toxicity or other health complications.
In summary, while educating the group of women, the FNP would cover the essential guidelines for the intake of calcium and vitamin D, alongside promoting weight-bearing exercises. The incorrect statement about the necessity of a 3000 IU daily dose of vitamin D would not be included in the educational talk, as it does not align with the established health guidelines. Instead, the FNP would focus on accurate, safe, and practical advice to empower the women to take proactive steps in preventing osteoporosis through lifestyle and nutritional choices.

NEW QUESTION # 83
You are doing a physical assessment of a female patient whose probable diagnosis is Addison's disease. If this is indeed the final diagnosis you would expect to find all but which of the following during this examination?
  • A. loss of weight
  • B. bradycardia
  • C. orthostatic hypotension
  • D. loss of hair in the axillary and pubic region
Answer: B
Explanation:
Addison's disease, also known as primary adrenal insufficiency, is a condition where the adrenal glands do not produce sufficient steroid hormones, including cortisol and aldosterone. This insufficiency leads to a variety of symptoms and signs that can be identified during a physical examination. Here, we will discuss each of the listed findings and clarify which one is not typically associated with Addison's disease.
**Loss of Weight:** Weight loss is a common symptom in Addison's disease. Due to the lack of cortisol, which plays a critical role in metabolism and the management of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, patients often experience decreased appetite and significant weight loss.
**Bradycardia:** Contrary to what might be expected, Addison's disease is more commonly associated with tachycardia rather than bradycardia. Bradycardia, or a slower than normal heart rate, is not a typical finding in Addison's disease. Cortisol deficiency generally leads to low blood pressure, and the body often compensates by increasing heart rate, resulting in tachycardia. Therefore, bradycardia would be the finding you would not expect in a patient with Addison's disease during a physical examination.
**Loss of Hair in the Axillary and Pubic Region:** Addison's disease can also impact androgen levels, leading to changes in hair distribution. The decrease in androgens can result in the thinning or loss of pubic and axillary hair, making this a relevant finding in the assessment of someone with suspected Addison's disease.
**Orthostatic Hypotension:** This is another common finding in Addison's disease. Due to aldosterone deficiency, there is less sodium retention which can lead to a decrease in blood volume, exacerbating the issue of low blood pressure. Patients with Addison's disease often experience a significant drop in blood pressure upon standing, known as orthostatic hypotension.
In conclusion, during the physical assessment of a patient suspected of having Addison's disease, the presence of bradycardia would be unusual and not expected. The symptoms consistent with Addison's disease include weight loss, loss of hair in the axillary and pubic regions, orthostatic hypotension, and typically tachycardia, not bradycardia. Other signs to look for include hyperpigmentation of the buccal mucosa and other pressure areas, as well as muscle wasting.

NEW QUESTION # 84
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